Linux静默安装Oracle21C
阅读原文时间:2023年07月09日阅读:1

Linux静默安装Oracle21C

[root@localhost ~]# hostname            # 查看主机名
[root@localhost ~]# hostname oracledb    # 修改主机名
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts        # 修改hosts
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hosts

[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0    // 不重启系统生效
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config          # 修改为SELINUX=disabled   重启系统后生效
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service    # 查看状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service     # 停止 firewall
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service # 禁止 firewall 开机启动


[root@localhost ~]# rpm --query --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}.%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n" bc binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel fontconfig-devel glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libX11 libXau libXi libXtst libXrender libXrender-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libxcb make smartmontools sysstat

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel fontconfig-devel glibc-devel ksh libaio-devel libX11 libXau libXi libXtst libXrender libXrender-devel libstdc++-devel libxcb smartmontools sysstat

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 54322 dba
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 54323 oper
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 54330 racdba
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle


#!/bin/bash
groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
groupadd -g 54322 dba
groupadd -g 54323 oper
groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
groupadd -g 54330 racdba
useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle


[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf


fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 16451328
kernel.shmmax = 33692319744
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576


[root@localhost ~]# sysctl -p


[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf


oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle hard memlock 3145728
oracle soft memlock 3145728


[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so


[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
  if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
   ulimit -p 16384
   ulimit -n 65536
  else
   ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
  fi
fi


[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/21.3.0
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/inventory
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oraInventory
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/app
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 775 /home/oracle/app


#!/bin/bash
mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/21.3.0
mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata
mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/inventory
mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oraInventory
mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/app
chmod -R 775 /home/oracle/app


[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ vim .bash_profile
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ source /home/oracle/.bash_profile


export LANG=en_US
export NSL_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/app/oracle/product/21.3.0
export ORACLE_SID=YXPCDB
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/lib


[oracle@oracledb ~]$ exit
[root@localhost ~]# chown oracle:oinstall /Tools/LINUX.X64_213000_db_home.zip
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 /Tools/LINUX.X64_213000_db_home.zip
[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ unzip /Tools/LINUX.X64_213000_db_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME


[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/install/response
[oracle@oracledb response]$ cp db_install.rsp db_install.rsp.bak
[oracle@oracledb response]$ vim db_install.rsp


// 主要修改以下参数
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY                // 29行
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall                            // 34行
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/oracle/app/oraInventory    // 41行
ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/21.3.0    // 45行
ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app/oracle                    // 50行
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE                    // 62行
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba                    // 79行
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper                    // 85行
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba        // 90行
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba                // 95行
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba                // 100行
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba                // 105行
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false    // 120行
  • :set number 显示行号

  • :set nu 显示行号

  • :set nu! 取消显示行号

    [oracle@localhost ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
    [oracle@oracledb 21.3.0]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile $ORACLE_HOME/install/response/db_install.rsp

[root@localhost ~]# sh /home/oracle/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
[root@localhost ~]# sh /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/root.sh

[oracle@oracledb 21.3.0]$ cd assistants/netca
[oracle@oracledb netca]$ cp netca.rsp netca.rsp.bak
[oracle@oracledb netca]$ netca /silent /responseFile $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/netca/netca.rsp

[oracle@oracledb netca]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca
[oracle@oracledb dbca]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE -gdbname YXPCDB  -sid YXPCDB -createAsContainerDatabase TRUE -numberOfPDBs 1 -pdbName pdbYXP -pdbAdminPassword Yangxiaopeng214 -sysPassword Yangxiaopeng214 -systemPassword Yangxiaopeng214 -datafileDestination '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata' -recoveryAreaDestination '/home/oracle/flash_recovery_area' -redoLogFileSize 50 -storageType FS -characterset ZHS16GBK -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 -totalMemory 2048 -databaseType OLTP  -emConfiguration NONE

  • 主要参数

    -------------主要参数-------------------------------------------------------------------
    gdbName=YXPCDB
    sid=YXPCDB
    databaseConfigType=SI
    createAsContainerDatabase=true
    numberOfPDBs=1
    pdbName=pdbYXP
    pdbAdminPassword=Yangxiaopeng214
    templateName=General_Purpose.dbc
    sysPassword=Yangxiaopeng214
    systemPassword=Yangxiaopeng214
    emConfiguration=NONE
    dbsnmpPassword=Yangxiaopeng214
    datafileDestination=/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata
    recoveryAreaDestination=/home/oracle/flash_recovery_area
    storageType=FS
    characterSet=ZHS16GBK
    nationalCharacterSet=AL16UTF16
    sampleSchema=true
    totalMemory=2048
    redoLogFileSize=50

    -- rac数据库
    dbca -silent -ignorePreReqs -ignorePrereqFailure -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE <br /> -gdbname rac21c -sid rac21c <br /> -createAsContainerDatabase TRUE <br /> -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr -dbsnmpPassword lhr <br /> -datafileDestination '+DATA' -recoveryAreaDestination '+FRA' <br /> -storageType ASM <br /> -characterset AL32UTF8 <br /> -totalMemory 1024 <br /> -databaseType OLTP <br /> -emConfiguration none <br /> -nodeinfo raclhr-21c-n1,raclhr-21c-n2
    -- 单实例
    dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE <br /> -gdbname YXPCDB -sid YXPCDB <br /> -createAsContainerDatabase TRUE <br /> -numberOfPDBs 1 <br /> -pdbName pdbxmm <br /> -pdbAdminPassword Yangxiaopeng214 <br /> -sysPassword Yangxiaopeng214 -systemPassword Yangxiaopeng214 <br /> -datafileDestination '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata' <br /> -recoveryAreaDestination '/home/oracle/flash_recovery_area' <br /> -redoLogFileSize 50 <br /> -storageType FS <br /> -characterset ZHS16GBK -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 <br /> -totalMemory 1024 <br /> -databaseType OLTP <br /> -emConfiguration NONE

    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl status # 查看监听状态
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl restart # 重启监听
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl stop # 停止监听
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl start # 启动监听

  • 下图为两个库的截图

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus
  • 输入用户名和密码

  • select sysdate from dual;

  • 启动服务

先启动监听,再启动数据库

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl start        # 启动监听
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus /nolog        # 打开sqlplus
SQL> conn / as sysdba                    # 连接数据库
SQL> startup                            # 启动数据库
SQL> show con_name                        # 显示当前容器
SQL> shutdown                            # 关闭数据库
SQL> exit                                # 退出
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl stop        # 停止监听

  • YXPCDB 实例的数据库中创建了temp_yxp表,CDB2实例的数据库中未创建temp_yxp表

  • 根据oracle用户的ORACLE_SID环境变量来启动数据库

    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl start
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID # YXPCDB 第一个实例
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
    SQL> conn / as sysdba
    SQL> startup
    SQL> exit
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus
    SQL> select * from temp_yxp; # 表存在
    SQL> exit
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ vim .bash_profile # 更改ORACLE_SID的值为CDB2
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ source .bash_profile
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID # CDB2 第二个实例
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
    SQL> conn / as sysdba
    SQL> startup
    SQL> exit
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus
    SQL> select * from temp_yxp; # 表 不存在
    SQL> exit
    [oracle@oracledb ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=YXPCDB # 临时生效,上述过程中涉及修改ORACLE_SID环境变量亦可用此方法