1、在对话框上新建一个Picture Control ID为：IDC_STATIC_IMG

2、添加图片资源ID:IDB_BITMAP1(选中Bitmap点击导入，选择bmp图片资源)

实现：

CWindow wnd = this->GetDlgItem(IDC_STATIC_IMG);
CStatic *pImg = (CStatic*)&wnd;
pImg->ModifyStyle(0xF, SS_BITMAP | SS_CENTERIMAGE);

hBitmap = AtlLoadBitmap(MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB\_BITMAP1));

pImg->SetBitmap(hBitmap);

也可以使用CBitmap

CBitmap bitmap;
m_picture.Create("",WS_CHILD and WS_VISIBLE and SS_CENTERIMAGE and SS_BITMAP,
CRect(0,0,180,160),this,IDC_STATIC1);
bitmap.LoadBitmap(IDB_BITMAP1);
m_picture.SetBitmap(bitmap.Detach());

源码：

MainDlg.h

// MainDlg.h : interface of the CMainDlg class
//
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#pragma once

class CMainDlg : public CDialogImpl
{
public:
enum { IDD = IDD_MAINDLG };

BEGIN\_MSG\_MAP(CMainDlg)  
    MESSAGE\_HANDLER(WM\_INITDIALOG, OnInitDialog)  
    COMMAND\_ID\_HANDLER(IDCANCEL, OnCancel)  
END\_MSG\_MAP()

// Handler prototypes (uncomment arguments if needed):
// LRESULT MessageHandler(UINT /*uMsg*/, WPARAM /*wParam*/, LPARAM /*lParam*/, BOOL& /*bHandled*/)
// LRESULT CommandHandler(WORD /*wNotifyCode*/, WORD /*wID*/, HWND /*hWndCtl*/, BOOL& /*bHandled*/)
// LRESULT NotifyHandler(int /*idCtrl*/, LPNMHDR /*pnmh*/, BOOL& /*bHandled*/)

LRESULT OnInitDialog(UINT /\*uMsg\*/, WPARAM /\*wParam\*/, LPARAM /\*lParam\*/, BOOL& /\*bHandled\*/);  
LRESULT OnCancel(WORD /\*wNotifyCode\*/, WORD wID, HWND /\*hWndCtl\*/, BOOL& /\*bHandled\*/);  

private:
HBITMAP hBitmap;
};

MainDlg.cp

// MainDlg.cpp : implementation of the CMainDlg class
//
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "resource.h"

#include "MainDlg.h"

LRESULT CMainDlg::OnInitDialog(UINT /*uMsg*/, WPARAM /*wParam*/, LPARAM /*lParam*/, BOOL& /*bHandled*/)
{
// center the dialog on the screen
CenterWindow();

// set icons  
HICON hIcon = AtlLoadIconImage(IDR\_MAINFRAME, LR\_DEFAULTCOLOR, ::GetSystemMetrics(SM\_CXICON), ::GetSystemMetrics(SM\_CYICON));  
SetIcon(hIcon, TRUE);  
HICON hIconSmall = AtlLoadIconImage(IDR\_MAINFRAME, LR\_DEFAULTCOLOR, ::GetSystemMetrics(SM\_CXSMICON), ::GetSystemMetrics(SM\_CYSMICON));  
SetIcon(hIconSmall, FALSE);

CWindow wnd = this->GetDlgItem(IDC\_STATIC\_IMG);  
CStatic \*pImg = (CStatic\*)&wnd;  
pImg->ModifyStyle(0xF, SS\_BITMAP | SS\_CENTERIMAGE);

hBitmap = AtlLoadBitmap(MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB\_BITMAP1));

pImg->SetBitmap(hBitmap);

return TRUE;  

}

LRESULT CMainDlg::OnCancel(WORD /*wNotifyCode*/, WORD wID, HWND /*hWndCtl*/, BOOL& /*bHandled*/)
{
DeleteObject(hBitmap);
EndDialog(wID);
return 0;
}

这里只显示bmp图片有点局限性，如何显示png,jpg图片呢？

CImage img;
CWindow wnd = this->GetDlgItem(IDC_STATIC_IMG);
CStatic *pImg = (CStatic*)&wnd;
pImg->ModifyStyle(0xF, SS_BITMAP | SS_CENTERIMAGE);
img.Load(TEXT("ing.png"));
pImg->SetBitmap(img.Detach());