Visual Studio Code 配置C、C++ 文件debug调试环境
阅读原文时间:2022年02月25日阅读:1

目录

大家好我是SLF,在午休的时候给嵌入式软件的同事,演示了一下如何用vscode调试应用端的CPP程序,他之前一直用的是UltraEdit,同事被vscode的插件调试功能安利了一波,觉得挺好用的。晚上我抽了个时间,整了个文档,希望也能帮助到大家。

vscode C/C++ Extension Pack 插件安装

下载直接安装 C/C++ Extension Pack 它包含了 vscode 编写 C/C++ 工程需要的插件,和以前比不需要一个个找了。

vscode windows 端 debug 配置

windows 端编译运行C/C++的程序需要一套集成开发环境,这里可以使用 MinGW https://nuwen.net/mingw.html ,选择自己需要的安装包安装即可,我就直接用推荐的。

  • 下载MinGW的安装包,安装即可(当然如果电脑上装着 Visual Studio,也可以用它的工具集配置环境)。

  • 配置MinGW的bin目录到系统环境变量。

  • 命令行gcc -v、g++ -v 验证环境变量是否配置成功

安装好插件之后,先写一个简单的 cpp 文件

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
  int number = 100;
&nbsp; cout << "hello world" << number << endl;
&nbsp; return 0;
}

打个断点,直接运行debug,可以让编辑器自己去创建 lanch.json 和 task.json 配置文件

这里选择C++(GDB/LLDB)、不要用C++(windows),debug运行的是 windows 自带的 cmd

下一步 选择 g++.exe 如下截图;

记住不要用 C++(WIndows) 选项的话,会调用的是操作系统的cmd运行去运行程序,无法在vscode中正常debug,尝试了一下,截图如下。

注意生成的.vscode目录,其中配置文件 lanch.js 中的 preLaunchTask 值,需要和 tasks.json 中 的任务名称保持一致。对于不同的操作系统可能的其他环境,可以进行多任务配置。

C文件也可以调试。

我的windows端配置文件如下,大家可以参考。

// launch.json
{
&nbsp; &nbsp; // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
&nbsp; &nbsp; // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
&nbsp; &nbsp; // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
&nbsp; &nbsp; "version": "0.2.0",
&nbsp; &nbsp; "configurations": [
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "name": "g++.exe - Build and debug active file",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "type": "cppdbg",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "request": "launch",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "args": [],
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "stopAtEntry": false,
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "cwd": "${fileDirname}",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "environment": [],
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "externalConsole": false,
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "MIMode": "gdb",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "miDebuggerPath": "D:\\MinGW\\bin\\gdb.exe",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "setupCommands": [
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "ignoreFailures": true
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ],
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file"
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }
&nbsp; &nbsp; ]
}


// tasks.json
{
&nbsp; &nbsp; "tasks": [
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "type": "cppbuild",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "label": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "command": "D:\\MinGW\\bin\\g++.exe",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "args": [
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "-g",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "${file}",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "-o",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ],
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "options": {
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; },
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "problemMatcher": [
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "$gcc"
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ],
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "group": {
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "kind": "build",
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "isDefault": true
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; },
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "detail": "Task generated by Debugger."
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }
&nbsp; &nbsp; ],
&nbsp; &nbsp; "version": "2.0.0"
}

我是直接将 window 操作系统的编码改成 UTF-8,测试有效,不过之前磁盘中的的一些不是UTF-8编码的.txt 等文本文件,会有乱码的情况。win10和win11系统 UTF-8 的配置截图如下。

  • win10

  • win11

  • 重启电脑后,就可以 debug 中文目录的单文件了。

vscode ubuntu端 debug配置

我这里的系统是Ubuntu20.04 版本,类linux系统当中配置vscode debug相对来说比window端要简单的多。

创建文件目录,写个简单测试程序,点击debug 按钮,可以让vscode 自己创建 launch.js 和 tasks.json

选择 C++(GDB/LLDB),参考截图如下

选择 gcc - 生成和调试活动文件,参考截图如下

成功进入断点。

我的ubuntu端配置文件如下,大家可以参考。

// launch.js
{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "gcc - 生成和调试活动文件",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: gcc 生成活动文件",
            "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb"
        }
    ]
}


// tasks.js
{

    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: gcc 生成活动文件",
            "command": "/usr/bin/gcc",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "调试器生成的任务。"
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}

在运行,Ubuntu调式中文目录,中文文件是没有问题的, locale 看一下当前系统的语言编码设置,默认是 UTF-8。

如果不行,可以修改默认配置 sudo vi /etc/default/locale,系统语言是中文,LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8",系统语言是英文的,LANG=“en_US.UTF-8”

完成修改之后可以, source /etc/default/locale 更新配置。截图如下

vscode官方文档当中也有相关的配置,大家可以参考。https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/cpp/config-mingw