OpenXml相对于用MS提供的COM组件来生成WORD,有如下优势:

1.相对于MS 的COM组件,因为版本带来的不兼容问题,及各种会生成WORD半途会崩溃的问题.

2.对比填满一张30多页的WORD来说(包含图,表等),用COM组件来生成会占用20秒,Openxml1秒.

3.MS Word软件太贵了,你的客户装的是开源WORD,如LibreOffice,OpenOffice.这样你就只能用Openxml生成的WORD文档,各种支持MS Word都能打开,避免客户机器上安装MS Word.

简单来说OpenXml的各个操作.

首先用OpenXml打开一张报表.

public void CreateOpenXMLFile(string filePath)
{ using (WordprocessingDocument objWordDocument = WordprocessingDocument.Create(filePath, WordprocessingDocumentType.Document))
{
MainDocumentPart objMainDocumentPart = objWordDocument.AddMainDocumentPart();
objMainDocumentPart.Document = new Document(new Body());
Body objBody = objMainDocumentPart.Document.Body; //创建一些需要用到的样式,如标题3,标题4,在OpenXml里面,这些样式都要自己来创建的 //ReportExport.CreateParagraphStyle(objWordDocument);
SectionProperties sectionProperties = new SectionProperties();
PageSize pageSize = new PageSize();
PageMargin pageMargin = new PageMargin();
Columns columns = new Columns() { Space = "220" };//720
DocGrid docGrid = new DocGrid() { LinePitch = 100 };//360 //创建页面的大小,页距,页面方向一些基本的设置,如A4,B4,Letter, //GetPageSetting(PageSize,PageMargin); //在这里填充各个Paragraph,与Table,页面上第一级元素就是段落,表格.
objBody.Append(new Paragraph());
objBody.Append(new Table());
objBody.Append(new Paragraph()); //我会告诉你这里的顺序很重要吗?下面才是把上面那些设置放到Word里去.(大家可以试试把这下面的代码放上面,会不会出现打开openxml文件有误,因为内容有误)
sectionProperties.Append(pageSize, pageMargin, columns, docGrid);
objBody.Append(sectionProperties); //如果有页眉,在这里添加页眉.
if (IsAddHead)
{ //添加页面,如果有图片,这个图片和上面添加在objBody方式有点不一样,这里搞了好久. //ReportExport.AddHeader(objMainDocumentPart, image);
}
objMainDocumentPart.Document.Save();
}
}

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发现上面有点注解说错,那个顺序不影响Word,但是影响如LibreOffice软件打开后看到的格式不正确.改里面太麻烦,直接在这说了.

从这个总纲里,把上面的各个步骤再来仔细说下.

首先是在Openxml创建标题3,标题4.

// 为文档创建段落样式
public static void CreateParagraphStyle(WordprocessingDocument doc)
{ // 进入文档控制样式部分
StyleDefinitionsPart styleDefinitionsPart;
styleDefinitionsPart = doc.MainDocumentPart.AddNewPart();
Styles root = new Styles();
root.Save(styleDefinitionsPart);

        Styles styles \= styleDefinitionsPart.Styles; if (styles == null)
        {
            styleDefinitionsPart.Styles \= new Styles();
            styleDefinitionsPart.Styles.Save();
        }

        Style style3 \= CreateTitleStyle(3);
        Style style4 \= CreateTitleStyle(4); // 把样式添加入文档中

styles.Append(style3);
styles.Append(style4);
} private static Style CreateTitleStyle(int titleIndex)
{ string titleID = titleIndex.ToString(); string rsid = string.Empty; string before = string.Empty; string after = string.Empty; string line = string.Empty; string val = string.Empty; int outline = titleIndex - 1; if (titleIndex == 3)
{
rsid = "00BA1E98";
before = "130";//"260"
after = "0";
line = "286";//"416"
val = "32";

        } else if (titleIndex == 4)
        {
            rsid \= "00BA1E98";
            before \= "88";
            after \= "0";
            line \= "288";//"376"
            val = "28";
        }

        Style style2 \= new Style() { Type = StyleValues.Paragraph, StyleId = titleID };
        StyleName styleName2 \= new StyleName() { Val = "heading " + titleID };
        BasedOn basedOn1 \= new BasedOn() { Val = "a" };
        NextParagraphStyle nextParagraphStyle1 \= new NextParagraphStyle() { Val = "a" };
        LinkedStyle linkedStyle1 \= new LinkedStyle() { Val = titleID + "Char" };
        UIPriority uIPriority1 \= new UIPriority() { Val = 9 };
        PrimaryStyle primaryStyle2 \= new PrimaryStyle();
        Rsid rsid2 \= new Rsid() { Val = rsid };
        style2.Append(styleName2);
        style2.Append(basedOn1);
        style2.Append(nextParagraphStyle1);
        style2.Append(linkedStyle1);
        style2.Append(uIPriority1);
        style2.Append(primaryStyle2);
        style2.Append(rsid2);

        StyleParagraphProperties styleParagraphProperties2 \= new StyleParagraphProperties();
        KeepNext keepNext1 \= new KeepNext();
        KeepLines keepLines1 \= new KeepLines();
        SpacingBetweenLines spacingBetweenLines1 \= new SpacingBetweenLines() { Before = before, After = after, Line = line, LineRule = LineSpacingRuleValues.Auto };
        OutlineLevel outlineLevel1 \= new OutlineLevel() { Val = outline };
        styleParagraphProperties2.Append(keepNext1);
        styleParagraphProperties2.Append(keepLines1);
        styleParagraphProperties2.Append(spacingBetweenLines1);
        styleParagraphProperties2.Append(outlineLevel1);
        style2.Append(styleParagraphProperties2);

        StyleRunProperties styleRunProperties1 \= new StyleRunProperties();
        Bold bold1 \= new Bold();
        BoldComplexScript boldComplexScript1 \= new BoldComplexScript(); // Kern kern2 = new Kern() { Val = (UInt32)44U };
        FontSize fontSize2 = new FontSize() { Val = val };
        FontSizeComplexScript fontSizeComplexScript2 \= new FontSizeComplexScript() { Val = val };
        styleRunProperties1.Append(bold1);
        styleRunProperties1.Append(boldComplexScript1); //styleRunProperties1.Append(kern2);

styleRunProperties1.Append(fontSize2);
styleRunProperties1.Append(fontSizeComplexScript2);
style2.Append(styleRunProperties1); return style2;
}

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然后是对页面大小,页面方向,页距设置.(懒的和报表里的一个个对应,里面的页距有很多大家可以精确设置.)

public static void GetPageSetting(ref PageSize pageSize, ref PageMargin pageMargin)
{ bool val = IsPaperOrientation; string str_paperSize = "Letter";//A4,B4
UInt32Value width = 15840U;
UInt32Value height = 12240U; int top = 1440;
UInt32Value left = 1440U; if (str_paperSize == "A4")
{
width = 16840U;
height = 11905U;
} else if (str_paperSize == "B4")
{
width = 20636U;
height = 14570U;
} if (!val)
{
UInt32Value sweep = width;
width = height;
height = sweep; int top_sweep = top;
top = (int)left.Value;
left = (uint)top_sweep;
}

        pageSize.Width \= width;
        pageSize.Height \= height;
        pageSize.Orient \= new EnumValue<PageOrientationValues>(val ? PageOrientationValues.Landscape : PageOrientationValues.Portrait);

        pageMargin.Top \= top;
        pageMargin.Bottom \= top;
        pageMargin.Left \= left;
        pageMargin.Right \= left;
        pageMargin.Header \= (UInt32Value)720U;
        pageMargin.Footer \= (UInt32Value)720U;
        pageMargin.Gutter \= (UInt32Value)0U;
    }

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然后重点来了,大家对各元素如何在OpenXml添加的.

我先说下,在Openxml里相关元素的关系,在Word里,按一下Enter,转一行,对应的一行元素就是Paragraph,那如果一行文字在里面如何存放.Paragraph->Run->Text,图表Paragraph->Run->Drawing,表格Table->TableRow->TableCell->Paragraph->Run->Text与Drawing.在关系上说,还是很简洁的.来看一下具体的操作,我们先定义一个类.对应OpenXML里的基本样式设置.

public class ReportCommon
{ public const float defaultSize = 12f; public const float H1 = 20f; public const float H3 = 16f; public const float H4 = 14f; private string text = string.Empty; public ReportCommon()
{
Alignment = -1;
Size = defaultSize;
} //规定-1左对齐,0中间,1右对齐
public int Alignment { get; set; } public virtual float Size { get; set; } public string Text { get; set; } public virtual bool IsBold { get; set; }
}

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其中我定义这个类的三个子类,分别是ReportValue:主要是这种A: B,ReportImage:包含一个图片的路径.ReportText:只有一个文本.

private static List GetRuns(ReportCommon common)
{
List runs = new List(); if (common is ReportValue)
{
ReportValue reportvalue = common as ReportValue;
Run r = new Run();
RunProperties rP = GetRunProperties(reportvalue, true);
r.Append(rP); string text = reportvalue.Text; if (text.EndsWith(":"))
text = text + " "; if (!text.EndsWith(": "))
text = text + ": ";
Text t = CreateText(text);
r.Append(t);
runs.Add(r);

            r \= new Run();
            rP \= GetRunProperties(reportvalue, false);
            r.Append(rP);
            r.Append(CreateText(reportvalue.Value));
            runs.Add(r);
        } else if (common is ReportImage)
        {
            ReportImage reportImage \= common as ReportImage;
            Run r \= new Run();
            RunProperties rP \= GetRunProperties(reportImage);
            Drawing image \= GetImageToBody(reportImage.RId, reportImage.Width \* 600, reportImage.Height \* 800); //Drawing image = new Drawing(); //image.Append(new A.Blip() { Embed = new StringValue(reportImage.RId) });

r.Append(rP);
r.Append(image);
runs.Add(r);
} else if (common is ReportText)
{
Run r = new Run();
RunProperties rP = GetRunProperties(common);
r.Append(rP);
r.Append(CreateText(common.Text));
runs.Add(r);
} return runs;
}

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看了这里,问题是不是越来越多.图片具体操作先不说.上面的RunProperties,与CreateText分别是指什么.

RunProperties是指包含这段Text,你要设置的一些字体大小,颜色,文本对齐设置.

而CreateText是因为我们在Openxml你在后面加个空格,而会给你过滤掉,空格要对应到XML的具体设置,看如下代码.

    public static RunProperties GetRunProperties(ReportCommon common, bool bBold = false)
    {
        RunProperties rPr \= new RunProperties(); //Color color = new Color() { Val = "FF0000" }; // the color is red
        RunFonts rFont = new RunFonts();
        rFont.Ascii \= "Arial"; // the font is Arial //rPr.Append(color); //rPr.Append(rFont);
        if (common.IsBold || bBold)
            rPr.Append(new Bold()); // it is Bold //TextAlignment 
        rPr.Append(new FontSize() { Val = new StringValue((common.Size \* 2).ToString()) }); //font size (in 1/72 of an inch)
        return rPr;
    } private static Text CreateText(string text)
    { if (text == null)
            text \= string.Empty;
        Text t \= new Text(text); if (text.EndsWith(" "))
        {
            t.Space \= new EnumValue<SpaceProcessingModeValues>(SpaceProcessingModeValues.Preserve);
        } if (text.StartsWith(" "))
        {
            t.Space \= new EnumValue<SpaceProcessingModeValues>(SpaceProcessingModeValues.Default);
        } return t;
    }

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不知这么多代码大家看烦没,因为我这人喜欢不是业务与大纲的事,都喜欢直接看代码来说,比人讲的清楚.所以讲的时候也喜欢,直接上代码.废话不说了,说下图片的问题,Openxml插入图片比较麻烦,先贴一段代码.

private static Drawing GetImageToBody(string relationshipId, int x = 914400, int y = 360000)
{ // Define the reference of the image.
var element =
new Drawing( new DW.Inline( new DW.Extent() { Cx = x, Cy = y }, new DW.EffectExtent()
{
LeftEdge = 0L,
TopEdge = 0L,
RightEdge = 0L,
BottomEdge = 0L }, new DW.DocProperties()
{
Id = (UInt32Value)1U,
Name = "Picture 1" }, new DW.NonVisualGraphicFrameDrawingProperties( new A.GraphicFrameLocks() { NoChangeAspect = true }), new A.Graphic( new A.GraphicData( new PIC.Picture( new PIC.NonVisualPictureProperties( new PIC.NonVisualDrawingProperties()
{
Id = (UInt32Value)0U,
Name = "New Bitmap Image.jpg" }, new PIC.NonVisualPictureDrawingProperties()), new PIC.BlipFill( new A.Blip( new A.BlipExtensionList( new A.BlipExtension()
{
Uri =
"{28A0092B-C50C-407E-A947-70E740481C1C}" })
)
{
Embed = relationshipId,
CompressionState = A.BlipCompressionValues.Print
}, new A.Stretch( new A.FillRectangle())), new PIC.ShapeProperties( new A.Transform2D( new A.Offset() { X = 0L, Y = 0L }, new A.Extents() { Cx = x, Cy = y }), new A.PresetGeometry( new A.AdjustValueList()
) { Preset = A.ShapeTypeValues.Rectangle }))
) { Uri = "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" })
)
{
DistanceFromTop = (UInt32Value)0U,
DistanceFromBottom = (UInt32Value)0U,
DistanceFromLeft = (UInt32Value)0U,
DistanceFromRight = (UInt32Value)0U,
EditId = "50D07946" }); // Append the reference to body, the element should be in a Run.
var blip = element.Descendants()
.FirstOrDefault(); return element;
}

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这段代码里,东东比较多,大家主要看这一节, Embed = relationshipId,也是参数里要求传入的,我们可以这么理解,在OpenXML插入一张电脑的图片,插入数据到word后,word然后把保存这个图片的一个标识量给我们,让我们来用,就是relationshipId.说到这,我们好像还没看如何把一张路径下的图片插入word.如下

public static void CreateImageRid(ReportImage reportImage, MainDocumentPart objMainDocumentPart)
{
ImagePartType imagetype = ImagePartType.Jpeg;
FileInfo newImg = new FileInfo(reportImage.Value);
ImagePart newImgPart = objMainDocumentPart.AddImagePart(imagetype); //插入图片数据到Word里去.
using (FileStream stream = newImg.OpenRead())
{
newImgPart.FeedData(stream);
} //Word返回给我们插入数据的标识符.
reportImage.RId = objMainDocumentPart.GetIdOfPart(newImgPart);
}

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这里图片插入有先后关系,要先调用上面这段,插入数据到word,然后才能调用上上段的那段代码来生成Drawing元素.

大家如果要把图片的宽度,设为当前Word的可用宽度.Int32Value width = (int)(pageSize.Width - pageMargin.Right - pageMargin.Left);

好吧,大家会发现上上段那里的长度特大,这里发现这里的值要很大才能显现比较好看的图片,一般我在原来的基础宽度*600,基础长度*800.原因吗,我也不清楚,有些猜测,没有验证就不说了,这个要求OpenXML生成报表比较急,我把这几天所有操作先总结一下.后面再来修改,如果有知道的道友,不妨说一下.

在这里,文字与图片如何生成Paragraph就很简单了.

public static Paragraph GetParagraph(ReportCommon common)
{
Paragraph p = new Paragraph();
ParagraphProperties pPr = GetParagraphProperties(common);
p.Append(pPr);
List run = GetRuns(common); foreach (var r in run)
{
p.Append(r);
} return p;
}

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好吧,最后说到如何在OpenXML生成一张表.生成图表我用的基础数据是List>,上面的ReportTable数据就放在这个里面.当然还有一些基本的定义属性就不说.具体如下看代码.

public static Table GetParagraph(ReportTable reportTable, Int32Value width)
{
Table table = new Table();
TableProperties tblProp = new TableProperties( new TableBorders( new TopBorder() { Val = new EnumValue(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 }, new BottomBorder() { Val = new EnumValue(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 }, new LeftBorder() { Val = new EnumValue(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 }, new RightBorder() { Val = new EnumValue(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 }, new InsideHorizontalBorder() { Val = new EnumValue(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 }, new InsideVerticalBorder() { Val = new EnumValue(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 }
)
);
tblProp.TableWidth = new TableWidth() { Width = width.ToString(), Type = TableWidthUnitValues.Dxa };
table.Append(tblProp); int count = reportTable.Value.Count; int cols = reportTable.Column; int j = 0; foreach (List strs in reportTable.Value) { TableRow row = new TableRow(); for (int i = 0; i < cols; i++) { TableCell cell = new TableCell(); TableCellProperties tableCellProperties = new TableCellProperties(); TableCellMargin margin = new TableCellMargin(); margin.LeftMargin = new LeftMargin() { Width = "100", Type = TableWidthUnitValues.Dxa }; margin.RightMargin = new RightMargin() { Width = "100", Type = TableWidthUnitValues.Dxa }; tableCellProperties.Append(margin); Paragraph par = new Paragraph(); Run run = new Run(); if (j == 0 && reportTable.IsHaveColumn) { RunProperties rPr = new RunProperties(); rPr.Append(new Bold()); run.Append(rPr); } if (strs.Count != cols && i >= strs.Count - 1)
{
HorizontalMerge verticalMerge = new HorizontalMerge(); if (i == strs.Count - 1)
{
RunProperties rPr = new RunProperties();
rPr.Append(new Bold());
run.Append(rPr);
verticalMerge.Val = MergedCellValues.Restart;
run.Append(CreateText(strs[i]));
} else {
verticalMerge.Val = MergedCellValues.Continue;
}
tableCellProperties.Append(verticalMerge);
} else {
run.Append(CreateText(strs[i]));
}
par.Append(run);
cell.Append(tableCellProperties);
cell.Append(par);
row.Append(cell);
}
j++;
table.Append(row);
} return table;
}

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代码可以简单的多,只是因为有一些要求,比如你表每行是5个数据,但是有一行,数据只有四个,有二个表格合并了,这里会默认把最后二格合并,具体意思大家可以改改代码看.

好吧,到这里,就差不多,元素添加完后,然后是把相关页面大小的设置加到objBody,最后是添加页眉. 

public static void AddHeader(MainDocumentPart mainDocPart, ReportImage reportImge)
{ // Delete the existing header parts.
mainDocPart.DeleteParts(mainDocPart.HeaderParts); // Create a new header part and get its relationship id.
HeaderPart newHeaderPart = mainDocPart.AddNewPart(); string rId = mainDocPart.GetIdOfPart(newHeaderPart);

        ImagePart imagepart \= newHeaderPart.AddImagePart(ImagePartType.Jpeg);
        FileInfo newImg \= new FileInfo(reportImge.Value); using (FileStream stream = newImg.OpenRead())
        {
            imagepart.FeedData(stream);
        } string imageRID = newHeaderPart.GetIdOfPart(imagepart);
        reportImge.RId \= imageRID;
        Header header \= GeneratePageHeaderPart(reportImge);
        header.Save(newHeaderPart); foreach (SectionProperties sectProperties in mainDocPart.Document.Descendants<SectionProperties>())
        { // Delete any existing references to headers.
            foreach (HeaderReference headerReference in sectProperties.Descendants<HeaderReference>())
                sectProperties.RemoveChild(headerReference);

            HeaderReference newHeaderReference \=
              new HeaderReference() { Id = rId, Type = HeaderFooterValues.Default };
            sectProperties.Append(newHeaderReference);
        }
        header.Save();
    } // Creates an header instance and adds its children. 
    private static Header GeneratePageHeaderPart(ReportImage reportImge)
    { var runs = GetRuns(reportImge);
        Paragraph paragraph \= new Paragraph();
        paragraph.Append(GetParagraphProperties(reportImge)); foreach (var run in runs)
        {
            paragraph.Append(run);
        }
        paragraph.Append(new Run(new Text() { Text = "" }));
        Header header \= new Header();
        header.Append(paragraph); return header;
    }

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上面的代码主要注意,Image所指的路径存放的和在前面的Document里不一样,这里存放在Header里,从Word文件解压来说,二都是不同的XML文档,你把图片数据写在Document里,得到的标识符在Header是空的.

好了.OpenXML的主要操作都在这了,但是大家如果想生成这种样式,应该如何处理?

 上面每一个元素如Payload Mass (LBS): 0.22046,就是前面的ReportValue,如何以这种对齐方式来插入了?引入一个新的结构,ReportValueList,主要就是ReportValue的键表信息.

public static List<Paragraph> GetParagraph(ReportValueList valueList, Int32Value width, int column = 2)
    { if (column < 1)
            column \= 1;
        List<Paragraph> list = new List<Paragraph>(); int currentcolumn = 0;
        Paragraph currentParagraph \= null; foreach (var reportvalue in valueList.Values)
        {
            reportvalue.Size \= valueList.Size; if (currentcolumn == 0)
            {
                currentParagraph \= new Paragraph();
                ParagraphProperties pPr \= new ParagraphProperties(); //添加标签类
                Tabs tabs = new Tabs();
                Int32Value eachWidth \= width / (new Int32Value(column)); for (int i = 1; i < column; i++)
                {
                    TabStop stop \= new TabStop();
                    stop.Val \= new EnumValue<TabStopValues>(TabStopValues.Left);
                    stop.Position \= eachWidth \* i;
                    tabs.Append(stop);
                }
                pPr.Append(tabs);
                currentParagraph.Append(pPr);
                list.Add(currentParagraph);
            }
            List<Run> runs = GetRuns(reportvalue); foreach (var run in runs)
            {
                currentParagraph.Append(run);
            }
            currentcolumn++; if (currentcolumn < column)
            {
                Run run \= new Run();
                run.Append(new TabChar());
                currentParagraph.Append(run);
            } if (currentcolumn >= column)
            {
                currentcolumn \= 0;
            }
        } return list;
    }

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主要是对元素TabStop的运用,仔细的大家可以去查查文档

写到这里,忘记写要用到的命名空间.

using A = DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing; using PIC = DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing.Pictures; using DW = DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing.Wordprocessing; using DocumentFormat.OpenXml; using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging; using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Wordprocessing;

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这个就到这里了.下面如果有时间,我会讲一下,如果对整张报表来进行模版化,意思是在word里的每一个表,一个图片,一个文字,在软件上用生成的结果来替换相应的元素.