V2AS问路
001 - 使用鸿蒙WebView创建简单浏览器 step 1
阅读原文时间：2021年04月21日阅读：1

  1. 打开官网,找到WebView的文档(模拟器不支持)

    鸿蒙webview的开发指南(原始链接,方便大家识别并点击):https://developer.harmonyos.com/cn/docs/documentation/doc-guides/ui-java-component-webview-0000001092715158

2. 创建一个Page Ability,把基本布局弄好

下面是代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<DirectionalLayout
    xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
    ohos:height="match_parent"
    ohos:width="match_parent"
    ohos:orientation="vertical">
    <DirectionalLayout
        ohos:height="30vp"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:orientation="horizontal">
        <TextField
            ohos:id="$+id:text_webView_Url"
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:width="match_parent"
            ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_ability_simple_web_view"
            ohos:focus_border_enable="true"
            ohos:hint="请输入网址"
            ohos:max_text_lines="1"
            ohos:multiple_lines="false"
            ohos:scrollable="true"
            ohos:text="www.harmonyos.com"
            ohos:text_size="50"
            ohos:weight="1"
            />
        <Button
            ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_surf"
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:width="60vp"
            ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element"
            ohos:text="跳转"
            ohos:text_size="50"/>
    </DirectionalLayout>
    <ProgressBar
        ohos:id="$+id:other_webView_progressBar"
        ohos:height="10vp"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:visibility="hide">
    </ProgressBar>
    <ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView
        ohos:id="$+id:webview_webview_webview"
        ohos:height="match_parent"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:weight="1">
    </ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView>
    <DirectionalLayout
        ohos:height="30vp"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:orientation="horizontal">
        <DirectionalLayout
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:width="match_parent"
            ohos:orientation="horizontal"
            ohos:weight="1">
            <Button
                ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_back"
                ohos:height="match_content"
                ohos:width="match_parent"
                ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element"
                ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
                ohos:text="向后"
                ohos:text_size="50"
                >
            </Button>
        </DirectionalLayout>
        <DirectionalLayout
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:width="match_parent"
            ohos:orientation="horizontal"
            ohos:weight="1">
            <Button
                ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_refresh"
                ohos:height="match_content"
                ohos:width="match_parent"
                ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element"
                ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
                ohos:text="刷新"
                ohos:text_size="50">
            </Button>
        </DirectionalLayout>
        <DirectionalLayout
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:width="match_parent"
            ohos:orientation="horizontal"
            ohos:weight="1">
            <Button
                ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_forward"
                ohos:height="match_content"
                ohos:width="match_parent"
                ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element"
                ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
                ohos:text="向前"
                ohos:text_size="50">
            </Button>
        </DirectionalLayout>
    </DirectionalLayout>
</DirectionalLayout>

  1. 把基本的按钮事件弄好

    序号

    按钮

    功能

    1

    跳转

    把文本框中的网址打开

    2

    后退

    在webview中点了新链接后,想回去看一看

    3

    刷新

    以前的人在网络不好,美女图片出不来的时候用,现在一般是发了一篇帖子后,作者会没事点一下,看看有没有人点赞

    4

    前进

    跟后退是关联用的,就是点了新链接,回去看了看后,还是觉得新链接更好看,就又要前进.

    代码

        Component.ClickedListener clickedListener = new Component.ClickedListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(Component component) {
            int componentId = component.getId();
            switch (componentId) {
                case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_surf: {
                    urlAddress = textWebViewUrl.getText();
                    if (urlAddress.isEmpty()) {
                        return;
                    }
                    if (!urlAddress.startsWith(FinalValue.URL_HTTPS)) {
                        urlAddress = FinalValue.URL_HTTPS + urlAddress;
                    }
                    webView.load(urlAddress);
                }
            break;
            case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_back: {
                if (webView.getNavigator().canGoBack()) {
                    webView.getNavigator().goBack();
                }
            }
            break;
            case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_refresh: {
                webView.reload();
            }
            break;
            case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_forward: {
                if (webView.getNavigator().canGoForward()) {
                    webView.getNavigator().goForward();
                }
            }
            break;
            default: {
                System.out.println("没有选择任何的页面");
            }
            break;
        }
    }
};</code></pre></li>

  • 把WebView照文档上面的要求弄好

    没啥好说的,就是规定.我加在了调用load方法打开网址那行代码后面,我还弄了一个跟进度条关联的功能

      //允许javascript交互
                    WebConfig webConfig = webView.getWebConfig();
                webConfig.setDataAbilityPermit(true);
                webConfig.setJavaScriptPermit(true);
                webConfig.setLoadsImagesPermit(true);
                webConfig.setMediaAutoReplay(true);
                webConfig.setLocationPermit(true);
                webConfig.setSecurityMode(WebConfig.SECURITY_SELF_ADAPTIVE);

                webView.setWebAgent(new WebAgent() {
                    @Override
                    public void onLoadingPage(WebView webView, String url, PixelMap favicon) {
                        super.onLoadingPage(webView, url, favicon);
                        // 这儿我加了一个更新网址文本框中新页面url的功能
                        if (url != urlAddress) {
                           textWebViewUrl.setText(url);
                        }

                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onPageLoaded(WebView webView, String url) {
                        super.onPageLoaded(webView, url);
                        // 页面加载结束后自定义处理
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onLoadingContent(WebView webView, String url) {
                        super.onLoadingContent(webView, url);
                        // 加载资源时自定义处理
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onError(WebView webView, ResourceRequest request, ResourceError error) {
                        super.onError(webView, request, error);
                        // 发生错误时自定义处理
                    }
                });
                webView.setBrowserAgent(new BrowserAgent(SimpleWebViewAbilitySlice.this) {
                    @Override
                    public void onTitleUpdated(WebView webView, String title) {
                        super.onTitleUpdated(webView, title);
                        // 标题变更时自定义处理
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onProgressUpdated(WebView webView, int newProgress) {
                        super.onProgressUpdated(webView, newProgress);
                        if (newProgress &lt; FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) {
                            otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.VISIBLE);
                            otherWebViewProgressBar.setProgressValue(newProgress);
                        } else if (newProgress == FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) {
                            otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.HIDE);
                        }
                        // 加载进度变更时自定义处理
                    }
                });</code></pre></li>
  • 完事?or完了还有事?
    

    从上面拷代码的话,估计完事了.但是,我是用的回忆,但是代码却没有回退,所以我还是有必要在这儿把步骤中的问题说一说,方便不拷代码的同学也能跑出一个界面.主要体现如下:
    • 

  • xml中的WebView要带包名
    

      <ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView
        ohos:id="$+id:webview_webview_webview"
        ohos:height="match_parent"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:weight="1">
    </ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView>
    • 

  • 完事效果:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1tK4y1o7Hz/
    • 

  • 完整代码
    

      

    • 布局
      

      序号为2的步骤中贴全了
      • 

    • 按钮背景
      

      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<shape xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
       ohos:shape="rectangle">
    <corners
        ohos:radius="20"/>
    <solid
        ohos:color="#70dbdb"/>
</shape>
    • 

  • java代码
    

    package com.javaaier.family.huawei.slice;

import com.javaaier.family.huawei.ResourceTable;
import com.javaaier.family.huawei.common.FinalValue;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.agp.components.*;
import ohos.agp.components.webengine.*;
import ohos.media.image.PixelMap;

/**
 * @Author JavaAIer
 * @Description : webview控件例子1:用于简单的测试webview的用法 <br/>
 * 001 简单webview示例
 * @Date: 2021/4/16
 */
public class SimpleWebViewAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {
    String urlAddress;
    ProgressBar otherWebViewProgressBar;
TextField textWebViewUrl;
Button buttonWebViewSurf, buttonWebViewBack, buttonWebViewRefresh, buttonWebViewForward;
WebView webView;

Component.ClickedListener clickedListener = new Component.ClickedListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(Component component) {
        int componentId = component.getId();
        switch (componentId) {
            case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_surf: {
                urlAddress = textWebViewUrl.getText();
                if (urlAddress.isEmpty()) {
                    return;
                }
                if (!urlAddress.startsWith(FinalValue.URL_HTTPS)) {
                    urlAddress = FinalValue.URL_HTTPS + urlAddress;
                }
                webView.load(urlAddress);

                //允许javascript交互

                WebConfig webConfig = webView.getWebConfig();
                webConfig.setDataAbilityPermit(true);
                webConfig.setJavaScriptPermit(true);
                webConfig.setLoadsImagesPermit(true);
                webConfig.setMediaAutoReplay(true);
                webConfig.setLocationPermit(true);
                webConfig.setSecurityMode(WebConfig.SECURITY_SELF_ADAPTIVE);

                webView.setWebAgent(new WebAgent() {
                    @Override
                    public void onLoadingPage(WebView webView, String url, PixelMap favicon) {
                        super.onLoadingPage(webView, url, favicon);
                        // 页面开始加载时自定义处理
                        if (url != urlAddress) {
                           textWebViewUrl.setText(url);
                        }

                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onPageLoaded(WebView webView, String url) {
                        super.onPageLoaded(webView, url);
                        // 页面加载结束后自定义处理
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onLoadingContent(WebView webView, String url) {
                        super.onLoadingContent(webView, url);
                        // 加载资源时自定义处理
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onError(WebView webView, ResourceRequest request, ResourceError error) {
                        super.onError(webView, request, error);
                        // 发生错误时自定义处理
                    }
                });
                webView.setBrowserAgent(new BrowserAgent(SimpleWebViewAbilitySlice.this) {
                    @Override
                    public void onTitleUpdated(WebView webView, String title) {
                        super.onTitleUpdated(webView, title);
                        // 标题变更时自定义处理
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onProgressUpdated(WebView webView, int newProgress) {
                        super.onProgressUpdated(webView, newProgress);
                        if (newProgress &lt; FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) {
                            otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.VISIBLE);
                            otherWebViewProgressBar.setProgressValue(newProgress);
                        } else if (newProgress == FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) {
                            otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.HIDE);
                        }
                        // 加载进度变更时自定义处理
                    }
                });
            }
            break;
            case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_back: {
                if (webView.getNavigator().canGoBack()) {
                    webView.getNavigator().goBack();
                }
            }
            break;
            case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_refresh: {
                webView.reload();
            }
            break;
            case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_forward: {
                if (webView.getNavigator().canGoForward()) {
                    webView.getNavigator().goForward();
                }
            }
            break;
            default: {
                System.out.println("没有选择任何的页面");
            }
            break;
        }
    }
};

/**
 * @Author JavaAIer
 * @Description :
 * @Date: 2021/4/16 14:46
 * * @param intent
 */
@Override

public void onStart(Intent intent) {
    super.onStart(intent);
    super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_simple_web_view);
    otherWebViewProgressBar = (ProgressBar) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_other_webView_progressBar);
    textWebViewUrl = (TextField) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text_webView_Url);
    buttonWebViewSurf = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_surf);
    buttonWebViewSurf.setClickedListener(clickedListener);
    buttonWebViewBack = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_back);
    buttonWebViewBack.setClickedListener(clickedListener);
    buttonWebViewRefresh = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_refresh);
    buttonWebViewRefresh.setClickedListener(clickedListener);
    buttonWebViewForward = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_forward);
    buttonWebViewForward.setClickedListener(clickedListener);
    webView = (WebView) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_webview_webview_webview);

}

@Override
public void onActive() {
    super.onActive();
}

@Override
public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
    super.onForeground(intent);
}
    }
/*
* 这一截卡哇伊大喵在config.json用了,我发现用不用没啥区别啊
* https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33259323/article/details/115596296
*  "default": {
      "network": {
        "cleartextTraffic": true,
        "securityConfig": {
          "domainSettings": {
            "cleartextPermitted": true,
            "domains": [
              {
                "subdomains": true,
                "name": "www.harmonyos.com"
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
*
* */
    

    作者：人工智能姬
    

    想了解更多内容，请访问51CTO和华为合作共建的鸿蒙社区：https://harmonyos.51cto.com
    •

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