Autofac的切面编程实现

阅读原文时间：2022年01月22日阅读：3

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github.com style (c) Vasily Polovnyov

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面向切面编程：Autofac.Annotation扩展组件是我开源的一款利用打标签完成autofac容器的注入组件。

https://github.com/yuzd/Autofac.Annotation

我们之前介绍了利用Aspect标签来完成拦截器功能

Aspect是一对一的方式，我想要某个class开启拦截器功能我需要针对每个class去配置。详情请点击

比如说我有2个 controller 每个controller都有2个action方法，

    [Component]
    public class ProductController
    {
        public virtual string GetProduct(string productId)
        {
            return "GetProduct:" + productId;
        }

        public virtual string UpdateProduct(string productId)
        {
            return "UpdateProduct:" + productId;
        }
    }

    [Component]
    public class UserController
    {
        public virtual string GetUser(string userId)
        {
            return "GetUser:" + userId;
        }

        public virtual string DeleteUser(string userId)
        {
            return "DeleteUser:" + userId;
        }
    }

如果我需要这2个controller的action方法都在执行方法前打log 在方法执行后打log 按照上一节Aspect的话我需要每个controller都要配置。如果我有100个controller的画我就需要配置100次，这样我觉得太麻烦了。所以我参考了Spring的Pointcut切面编程的方式实现了一套类似的，下面看如何用Pointcut的方式方便的配置一种切面去适用于N个对象。

定义一个切面：创建一个class 上面打上Pointcut的标签如下：

Pointcut标签类有如下属性：

属性名

说明

Name

名称Pointcut切面的名称(默认为空，和拦截方法进行匹配，参考下面说明)

RetType

匹配目标类的方法的返回类型(默认是%)

NameSpace

匹配目标类的namespace(默认是%)

ClassName

匹配目标类的类名称(必填)

MethodName

匹配目标类的方法名称(默认是%)

匹配算法

举例：

匹配结果

匹配模板

要匹配的字符串

匹配结果：true

"%"

匹配结果：true

"%"

" "

匹配结果：true

"%"

"asdfa asdf asdf"

匹配结果：true

"%"

匹配结果：false

"_"

匹配结果：true

"_"

" "

匹配结果：true

"_"

"4"

匹配结果：true

"_"

"C"

匹配结果：false

"_"

"CX"

匹配结果：false

"[ABCD]"

匹配结果：true

"[ABCD]"

"A"

匹配结果：true

"[ABCD]"

"b"

匹配结果：false

"[ABCD]"

"X"

匹配结果：false

"[ABCD]"

"AB"

匹配结果：true

"[B-D]"

"C"

匹配结果：true

"[B-D]"

"D"

匹配结果：false

"[B-D]"

"A"

匹配结果：false

"[^B-D]"

"C"

匹配结果：false

"[^B-D]"

"D"

匹配结果：true

"[^B-D]"

"A"

匹配结果：true

"%TEST[ABCD]XXX"

"lolTESTBXXX"

匹配结果：false

"%TEST[ABCD]XXX"

"lolTESTZXXX"

匹配结果：false

"%TEST[^ABCD]XXX"

"lolTESTBXXX"

匹配结果：true

"%TEST[^ABCD]XXX"

"lolTESTZXXX"

匹配结果：true

"%TEST[B-D]XXX"

"lolTESTBXXX"

匹配结果：true

"%TEST[^B-D]XXX"

"lolTESTZXXX"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff.txt"

"Stuff.txt"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff.txt"

"MagicStuff.txt"

匹配结果：false

"%Stuff.txt"

"MagicStuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：false

"%Stuff.txt"

"Stuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：false

"%Stuff.txt"

"MagicStuff001.txt.img"

匹配结果：true

"Stuff.txt%"

"Stuff.txt"

匹配结果：false

"Stuff.txt%"

"MagicStuff.txt"

匹配结果：false

"Stuff.txt%"

"MagicStuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：true

"Stuff.txt%"

"Stuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：false

"Stuff.txt%"

"MagicStuff001.txt.img"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff.txt%"

"Stuff.txt"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff.txt%"

"MagicStuff.txt"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff.txt%"

"MagicStuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff.txt%"

"Stuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：false

"%Stuff.txt%"

"MagicStuff001.txt.img"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff%.txt"

"Stuff.txt"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff%.txt"

"MagicStuff.txt"

匹配结果：false

"%Stuff%.txt"

"MagicStuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：false

"%Stuff%.txt"

"Stuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：false

"%Stuff%.txt"

"MagicStuff001.txt.img"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff%.txt"

"MagicStuff001.txt"

匹配结果：true

"Stuff%.txt%"

"Stuff.txt"

匹配结果：false

"Stuff%.txt%"

"MagicStuff.txt"

匹配结果：false

"Stuff%.txt%"

"MagicStuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：true

"Stuff%.txt%"

"Stuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：false

"Stuff%.txt%"

"MagicStuff001.txt.img"

匹配结果：false

"Stuff%.txt%"

"MagicStuff001.txt"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff%.txt%"

"Stuff.txt"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff%.txt%"

"MagicStuff.txt"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff%.txt%"

"MagicStuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff%.txt%"

"Stuff.txt.img"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff%.txt%"

"MagicStuff001.txt.img"

匹配结果：true

"%Stuff%.txt%"

"MagicStuff001.txt"

匹配结果：true

"?Stuff?.txt?"

"1Stuff3.txt4"

匹配结果：false

"?Stuff?.txt?"

"1Stuff.txt4"

匹配结果：false

"?Stuff?.txt?"

"1Stuff3.txt"

匹配结果：false

"?Stuff?.txt?"

"Stuff3.txt4"

    // *Controller 代表匹配 只要是Controller结尾的类都能匹配
    // Get* 代表上面匹配成功的类下 所以是Get打头的方法都能匹配
    [Pointcut(ClassName = "*Controller",MethodName = "Get*")]
    public class LoggerPointCut
    {

    }

定义好了一个Pointcut切面后需要定义这个切面的拦截方法

配合Pointcut切面标签，可以在打了这个标签的class下定义拦截方法，在方法上得打上特定的标签，有如下几种：

切面执行方法上打标签种类

说明

Before标签

在匹配成功的类的方法执行前执行

After标签

在匹配成功的类的方法执行后执行

Around标签

承接了匹配成功的类的方法的执行权（如果一个切面配置了Around又配置了Before或者After，那么会只执行Around）

以上3种标签有一个可选的参数：Name (默认为空，可以和Pointcut的Name进行mapping)

因为一个class上可以打多个Pointcut切面，一个Pointcut切面可以根据name去匹配对应拦截方法

// *Controller 代表匹配 只要是Controller结尾的类都能匹配
// Get* 代表上面匹配成功的类下 所以是Get打头的方法都能匹配
[Pointcut(ClassName = "*Controller",MethodName = "Get*")]
public class LoggerPointCut
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 打上Before标签 代表满足匹配的方法 在执行之前会执行下面的Before()方法
    /// </summary>
    [Before]
    public void Befor()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("before");
    }/// &lt;summary&gt;
/// 打上After标签 代表满足匹配的方法 在执行之前会执行下面的After()方法
/// &lt;/summary&gt;
[After]
public void After()
{
    Console.WriteLine("after");
}
}

如果是用Around环绕的话

    // *Controller 代表匹配 只要是Controller结尾的类都能匹配
    // Get* 代表上面匹配成功的类下 所以是Get打头的方法都能匹配
    [Pointcut(ClassName = "*Controller",MethodName = "Get*")]
    public class LoggerPointCut
    {

        /// <summary>
        /// 打上Around标签 承接了 匹配成功的类的方法的执行权
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="context"></param>
        [Around]
        public void Around(AspectContext context)
        {
            //执行原目标方法前
            Console.WriteLine(context.InvocationContext.MethodInvocationTarget.Name + "-->Start");
            //执行原目标方法
            context.InvocationProceedInfo.Invoke();
            //执行原目标方法后
            Console.WriteLine(context.InvocationContext.MethodInvocationTarget.Name + "-->End");
        }
    }

执行方法的参数说明：

执行方法的参数可以是DI容器的类型，会在执行时自动注入进来，可以使用Autowired，Value等标签来修饰参数。

还有一个特殊的执行参数可以注入，那就是AspectContext，这个类型里面你可以获取到被拦截的方法的信息，以及执行原方法的委托。

注意：这个执行后有2种

正常执行成功
有异常,若方法参数注入了AspectContext 那么可以通过Exception属性值获得异常内容

按照上面的配置

ProductController.GetProduct 会被匹配
UserController.GetUser 会被匹配

在执行上面这2个方法的时候会

先执行 LoggerPointCut.Before方法
再执行 LoggerPointCut.After方法

利用Autofac的这个开源扩展组件很方便的实现切面编程，总结切面编程三步骤

1.定义一个切面，编写要匹配的目标类的方法(采用sql的like方式匹配)，所以一个切面可以拦截n个目标
2.定义对应的拦截方法
3.执行被匹配的方法时会执行对应的拦截方法

利用切面编程来自动加事物的后台系统例子

https://github.com/yuzd/AntMgr/wiki

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Autofac的切面编程实现

面向切面编程：Autofac.Annotation扩展组件是我开源的一款利用打标签完成autofac容器的注入组件。

我们之前介绍了利用Aspect标签来完成拦截器功能

定义一个切面：创建一个class 上面打上Pointcut的标签 如下：

匹配算法

定义好了一个Pointcut切面后 需要定义这个切面的拦截方法

执行方法的参数说明：

按照上面的配置

利用Autofac的这个开源扩展组件很方便的实现切面编程，总结切面编程三步骤

利用切面编程来自动加事物的后台系统例子

定义一个切面：创建一个class 上面打上Pointcut的标签如下：

定义好了一个Pointcut切面后需要定义这个切面的拦截方法