prometheus-数据展示之grafana部署和数据源配置

阅读原文时间：2023年07月08日阅读：3

1、监控pods 。 prometheus再部署以后，会自带cAdvisor。结果如下：

2、K8S集群状态监控。需要使用kube-state-metrics插件。部署以后

kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true" 会自动启用监控对象，无需配置

[root@VM_0_48_centos prometheus]# cat kube-state-metrics-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: kube-state-metrics
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: kube-state-metrics
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
version: v1.3.0
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kube-state-metrics
version: v1.3.0
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kube-state-metrics
version: v1.3.0
annotations:
scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/critical-pod: ''
spec:
priorityClassName: system-cluster-critical
serviceAccountName: kube-state-metrics
containers:
- name: kube-state-metrics
image: quay.io/coreos/kube-state-metrics:v1.3.0
ports:
- name: http-metrics
containerPort: 8080
- name: telemetry
containerPort: 8081
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 8080
initialDelaySeconds: 5
timeoutSeconds: 5
- name: addon-resizer
image: k8s.gcr.io/addon-resizer:1.8.5
resources:
limits:
cpu: 100m
memory: 30Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 30Mi
env:
- name: MY_POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: MY_POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: config-volume
mountPath: /etc/config
command:
- /pod_nanny
- --config-dir=/etc/config
- --container=kube-state-metrics
- --cpu=100m
- --extra-cpu=1m
- --memory=100Mi
- --extra-memory=2Mi
- --threshold=5
- --deployment=kube-state-metrics
volumes:
- name: config-volume
configMap:

name: kube-state-metrics-config

Config map for resource configuration.

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: kube-state-metrics-config
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: kube-state-metrics
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
data:
NannyConfiguration: |-
apiVersion: nannyconfig/v1alpha1
kind: NannyConfiguration

部署结果展示：

[root@VM_0_48_centos prometheus]# kubectl get svc -n kube-system|grep kube-state-metrics
kube-state-metrics ClusterIP 10.0.0.164 8080/TCP,8081/TCP 3d

3、node宿主机监控。由于node_exporter 需要监控宿主机状态，不建议采用容器部署。建议采用二进制部署。解压后。

[root@VM_0_48_centos prometheus]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=prometheus

[Service]
Restart=on-failure
ExecStart=/opt/prometheus/node_exporter/node_exporter ####需要改为自己的解压后的目录

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@VM_0_48_centos prometheus]# ps -ef|grep node_exporter
root 15748 1 0 09:47 ? 00:00:08 /opt/prometheus/node_exporter/node_exporter
root 16560 4032 0 18:47 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto node_exporter
[root@VM_0_48_centos prometheus]#

4、prometheus启用监控目标

[root@VM_0_48_centos prometheus]# cat prometheus-configmap.yaml

Prometheus configuration format https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: prometheus-config
namespace: kube-system
labels:
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: EnsureExists
data:
prometheus.yml: |
scrape_configs:
- job_name: prometheus
static_configs:
- targets:
- localhost:9090
- job_name: node #####启动node_exporter
static_configs:
- targets:
- 172.19.0.48:9100
- 172.19.0.14:9100
- 172.19.0.9:9100
- 172.19.0.2:9100

- job\_name: kubernetes-apiservers  
  kubernetes\_sd\_configs:  
  - role: endpoints  
  relabel\_configs:  
  - action: keep  
    regex: default;kubernetes;https  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_namespace  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_service\_name  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_endpoint\_port\_name  
  scheme: https  
  tls\_config:  
    ca\_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt  
    insecure\_skip\_verify: true  
  bearer\_token\_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token

- job\_name: kubernetes-nodes-kubelet  
  kubernetes\_sd\_configs:  
  - role: node  
  relabel\_configs:  
  - action: labelmap  
    regex: \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_node\_label\_(.+)  
  scheme: https  
  tls\_config:  
    ca\_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt  
    insecure\_skip\_verify: true  
  bearer\_token\_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token

- job\_name: kubernetes-nodes-cadvisor  
  kubernetes\_sd\_configs:  
  - role: node  
  relabel\_configs:  
  - action: labelmap  
    regex: \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_node\_label\_(.+)  
  - target\_label: \_\_metrics\_path\_\_  
    replacement: /metrics/cadvisor  
  scheme: https  
  tls\_config:  
    ca\_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt  
    insecure\_skip\_verify: true  
  bearer\_token\_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token

- job\_name: kubernetes-service-endpoints  
  kubernetes\_sd\_configs:  
  - role: endpoints  
  relabel\_configs:  
  - action: keep  
    regex: true  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_service\_annotation\_prometheus\_io\_scrape  
  - action: replace  
    regex: (https?)  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_service\_annotation\_prometheus\_io\_scheme  
    target\_label: \_\_scheme\_\_  
  - action: replace  
    regex: (.+)  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_service\_annotation\_prometheus\_io\_path  
    target\_label: \_\_metrics\_path\_\_  
  - action: replace  
    regex: (\[^:\]+)(?::\\d+)?;(\\d+)  
    replacement: $1:$2  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_address\_\_  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_service\_annotation\_prometheus\_io\_port  
    target\_label: \_\_address\_\_  
  - action: labelmap  
    regex: \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_service\_label\_(.+)  
  - action: replace  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_namespace  
    target\_label: kubernetes\_namespace  
  - action: replace  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_service\_name  
    target\_label: kubernetes\_name

- job\_name: kubernetes-services  
  kubernetes\_sd\_configs:  
  - role: service  
  metrics\_path: /probe  
  params:  
    module:  
    - http\_2xx  
  relabel\_configs:  
  - action: keep  
    regex: true  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_service\_annotation\_prometheus\_io\_probe  
  - source\_labels:  
    - \_\_address\_\_  
    target\_label: \_\_param\_target  
  - replacement: blackbox  
    target\_label: \_\_address\_\_  
  - source\_labels:  
    - \_\_param\_target  
    target\_label: instance  
  - action: labelmap  
    regex: \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_service\_label\_(.+)  
  - source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_namespace  
    target\_label: kubernetes\_namespace  
  - source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_service\_name  
    target\_label: kubernetes\_name

- job\_name: kubernetes-pods  
  kubernetes\_sd\_configs:  
  - role: pod  
  relabel\_configs:  
  - action: keep  
    regex: true  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_pod\_annotation\_prometheus\_io\_scrape  
  - action: replace  
    regex: (.+)  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_pod\_annotation\_prometheus\_io\_path  
    target\_label: \_\_metrics\_path\_\_  
  - action: replace  
    regex: (\[^:\]+)(?::\\d+)?;(\\d+)  
    replacement: $1:$2  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_address\_\_  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_pod\_annotation\_prometheus\_io\_port  
    target\_label: \_\_address\_\_  
  - action: labelmap  
    regex: \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_pod\_label\_(.+)  
  - action: replace  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_namespace  
    target\_label: kubernetes\_namespace  
  - action: replace  
    source\_labels:  
    - \_\_meta\_kubernetes\_pod\_name  
    target\_label: kubernetes\_pod\_name  
alerting:  
  alertmanagers:  
  - static\_configs:  
      - targets: \["alertmanager:80"\]  
rule\_files:  
- "/etc/config/alert\_rules/\*.yml"

5、结果展示

6、grafana 部署

docker run -d --name=grafana -p 3000:3000 grafana/grafana

[root@VM_0_48_centos prometheus]# docker ps -a|grep grafana
6ea8d2852906 grafana/grafana "/run.sh" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp grafana
[root@VM_0_48_centos prometheus]#

6、登录grafana 配置数据源展示结果