Nanoframework 操作单片机蓝牙配置WIFI的案例
阅读原文时间:2023年08月11日阅读:3

Nanoframework 操作单片机蓝牙配置WIFI的案例

通过Nanoframework的蓝牙配置Wifi的名称和密码

下面是基本需要的工具

  1. ESP32设备一个 需要支持蓝牙和wifi,一般情况的ESP32都支持wifi和蓝牙,当前教程使用的ESP32的接口是Type-C

    设备实物图片:

    using nanoFramework.Device.Bluetooth;
    using nanoFramework.Device.Bluetooth.GenericAttributeProfile;
    using nanoFramework.Networking;
    using System;
    using System.Diagnostics;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Threading;
    using static Gotrays.Program;

    namespace Gotrays
    {
    public class Program
    {
    static GattLocalCharacteristic _readCharacteristic;
    static GattLocalCharacteristic _readWriteCharacteristic;

        // Read/Write Characteristic value
        static byte _redValue = 128;
        static byte _greenValue = 128;
        static byte _blueValue = 128;
    public static void Main()
    {
        var wifi = ConfigHelper.GetWifi();
    
        // 如果存在wifi配置尝试链接wifi
        if (wifi.Password != null)
        {
            try
            {
                CancellationTokenSource cs = new(60000);
                var success = WifiNetworkHelper.ConnectDhcp(wifi.Name, wifi.Password, requiresDateTime: true, token: cs.Token);
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                Debug.WriteLine("尝试链接WiFi失败");
            }
    
        }
        // BluetoothLEServer是一个单例对象,因此获得它的实例。对象是在您第一次访问它时创建的
        // 可以释放内存。
        BluetoothLEServer server = BluetoothLEServer.Instance;
    
        // 给设备命名
        server.DeviceName = "TokenIOT";
    
        // 定义一些自定义uid
        Guid serviceUuid = new Guid("A7EEDF2C-DA87-4CB5-A9C5-5151C78B0057");
        Guid readCharUuid = new Guid("A7EEDF2C-DA88-4CB5-A9C5-5151C78B0057");
        Guid readStaticCharUuid = new Guid("A7EEDF2C-DA89-4CB5-A9C5-5151C78B0057");
        Guid readWriteCharUuid = new Guid("A7EEDF2C-DA8A-4CB5-A9C5-5151C78B0057");
    
        // GattServiceProvider用于创建和发布主服务定义。
        // 将自动创建一个额外的设备信息服务。
        GattServiceProviderResult result = GattServiceProvider.Create(serviceUuid);
        if (result.Error != BluetoothError.Success)
        {
            return;
        }
    
        GattServiceProvider serviceProvider = result.ServiceProvider;
    
        // 从提供者处创建主服务
        GattLocalService service = serviceProvider.Service;
    
        #region Static read characteristic
        // 现在我们给服务添加一个特性
    
        //如果读取值不会改变,那么你可以使用Static值
        DataWriter sw = new DataWriter();
        sw.WriteString("这是蓝牙示例1");
    
        GattLocalCharacteristicResult characteristicResult = service.CreateCharacteristic(readStaticCharUuid,
             new GattLocalCharacteristicParameters()
             {
                 CharacteristicProperties = GattCharacteristicProperties.Read,
                 UserDescription = "我的静态特性",
                 StaticValue = sw.DetachBuffer()
             });
    
        if (characteristicResult.Error != BluetoothError.Success)
        {
            // An error occurred.
            return;
        }
        #endregion
    
        #region Create Characteristic for dynamic Reads 
    
        // 对于变更为业务的数据,增加“读特性”
        // 我们还希望连接的客户端在值改变时得到通知,所以我们添加了notify属性
        characteristicResult = service.CreateCharacteristic(readCharUuid,
            new GattLocalCharacteristicParameters()
            {
                CharacteristicProperties = GattCharacteristicProperties.Read | GattCharacteristicProperties.Notify,
                UserDescription = "我的阅读特点"
            });
    
        if (characteristicResult.Error != BluetoothError.Success)
        {
            // An error occurred.
            return;
        }
    
        // 查阅我们的read特性
        _readCharacteristic = characteristicResult.Characteristic;
    
        // 每次从客户端请求该值时,都会调用此事件
        _readCharacteristic.ReadRequested += ReadCharacteristic_ReadRequested;
    
        #endregion
    
        #region Create Characteristic for RGB read/write
        characteristicResult = service.CreateCharacteristic(readWriteCharUuid,
            new GattLocalCharacteristicParameters()
            {
                CharacteristicProperties = GattCharacteristicProperties.Read | GattCharacteristicProperties.Write,
                UserDescription = "My Read/Write Characteristic"
            });
    
        if (characteristicResult.Error != BluetoothError.Success)
        {
            // An error occurred.
            return;
        }
    
        // 查阅我们的read特性
        _readWriteCharacteristic = characteristicResult.Characteristic;
    
        //每次从客户端请求该值时,都会调用此事件
        _readWriteCharacteristic.WriteRequested += _readWriteCharacteristic_WriteRequested;
        _readWriteCharacteristic.ReadRequested += _readWriteCharacteristic_ReadRequested;
    
        #endregion
    
        #region Start Advertising
    
        // 一旦所有的特征已经创建,你需要广告的服务,所以
        // 其他设备可以看到它。这里我们也说设备也可以连接
        // 设备可以看到它。
        serviceProvider.StartAdvertising(new GattServiceProviderAdvertisingParameters()
        {
            IsConnectable = true,
            IsDiscoverable = true
        });
    
        #endregion 
    
        Thread.Sleep(Timeout.Infinite);
    }
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 读取特性的事件处理程序。
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender">GattLocalCharacteristic object</param>
    /// <param name="ReadRequestEventArgs"></param>
    private static void ReadCharacteristic_ReadRequested(GattLocalCharacteristic sender, GattReadRequestedEventArgs ReadRequestEventArgs)
    {
        GattReadRequest request = ReadRequestEventArgs.GetRequest();
    
        // Get Buffer with hour/minute/second
        //request.RespondWithValue(GetTimeBuffer());
    }
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 读/写特性的读事件处理程序。
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="ReadRequestEventArgs"></param>
    private static void _readWriteCharacteristic_ReadRequested(GattLocalCharacteristic sender, GattReadRequestedEventArgs ReadRequestEventArgs)
    {
        GattReadRequest request = ReadRequestEventArgs.GetRequest();
    
        DataWriter dw = new DataWriter();
        dw.WriteByte((Byte)_redValue);
        dw.WriteByte((Byte)_greenValue);
        dw.WriteByte((Byte)_blueValue);
    
        request.RespondWithValue(dw.DetachBuffer());
    
        Debug.WriteLine($"RGB read");
    }
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 读写特性的写处理程序。
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="WriteRequestEventArgs"></param>
    private static void _readWriteCharacteristic_WriteRequested(GattLocalCharacteristic sender, GattWriteRequestedEventArgs WriteRequestEventArgs)
    {
        GattWriteRequest request = WriteRequestEventArgs.GetRequest();
        var size = request.Value.Length;
        // 从缓冲区解包数据
        DataReader rdr = DataReader.FromBuffer(request.Value);
        var buffer = new byte[request.Value.Length];
        rdr.ReadBytes(buffer);
    
        // 如果Write需要响应,则响应
        if (request.Option == GattWriteOption.WriteWithResponse)
        {
            request.Respond();
        }
    
        // 定义设置密码格式 n:wifi名称;p:dd666666
        var value = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
        SetWifi(value);
    }
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 设置Wifi持久化
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="value"></param>
    public static void SetWifi(string value)
    {
        var wifiValue = value.Split(';');
        if (wifiValue.Length > 1)
        {
            // 如果不是wifi配置则跳过
            if (wifiValue[0].StartsWith("n:"))
            {
                var name = wifiValue[0].Substring(2);
                var password = wifiValue[1].Substring(2);
                if (password.Length > 0)
                {
                    ConfigHelper.SetWifi(value);
    
                    try
                    {
                        CancellationTokenSource cs = new(60000);
                        var success = WifiNetworkHelper.ConnectDhcp(name, password, requiresDateTime: true, token: cs.Token);
    
                        Debug.WriteLine("链接WIFI成功");
                    }
                    catch (Exception)
                    {
                        Debug.WriteLine("尝试链接WiFi失败");
                    }
                }
            }
    
        }
    
    }
    
    public struct WifiModule
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
    
        public string Password { get; set; }
    }
    } public class ConfigHelper { private const string WifiName = "I:\\Wifi.ini";
    public static void SetWifi(string value)
    {
        var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(value);
        var file = File.Exists(WifiName) ? new FileStream(WifiName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write) : File.Create(WifiName);
        file.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
        file.Close();
    }
    
    public static WifiModule GetWifi()
    {
        if (File.Exists(WifiName))
        {
            var file = new FileStream(WifiName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
            if (file.Length > 0)
            {
    
                var bytes = new byte[file.Length];
                file.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
                file.Close();
                var value = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
    
                var wifiValue = value.Split(';');
                if (wifiValue.Length > 1)
                {
                    var name = wifiValue[0].Substring(2);
                    var password = wifiValue[1].Substring(2);
                    return new WifiModule
                    {
                        Name = name,
                        Password = password,
                    };
                }
            }
            file.Close();
        }
    
        return new WifiModule { Name = null, Password = null };
    }
    }

    }

上面是所有的代码,下面将一步一步的讲解

当我们接收到信息的时候会触发_readWriteCharacteristic_WriteRequested的事件_readWriteCharacteristic_WriteRequested的代码如下,第一步先读取数据,然后接收读,在得到数据转换字符串,通过调用SetWifi方法去解析设置WIFI

            GattWriteRequest request = WriteRequestEventArgs.GetRequest();
            var size = request.Value.Length;
            // 从缓冲区解包数据
            DataReader rdr = DataReader.FromBuffer(request.Value);
            var buffer = new byte[request.Value.Length];
            rdr.ReadBytes(buffer);

            // 如果Write需要响应,则响应
            if (request.Option == GattWriteOption.WriteWithResponse)
            {
                request.Respond();
            }

            // 定义设置密码格式 n:wifi名称;p:dd666666
            var value = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
            SetWifi(value);

SetWifi,这里是用于解析数据格式并且处理持久化和链接WIFI,wifi的格式也是规范好的n:wifi名称;p:WiFi密码,不使用json格式从而减少包的依赖。

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置Wifi持久化
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value"></param>
        public static void SetWifi(string value)
        {
            var wifiValue = value.Split(';');
            if (wifiValue.Length > 1)
            {
                // 如果不是wifi配置则跳过
                if (wifiValue[0].StartsWith("n:"))
                {
                    var name = wifiValue[0].Substring(2);
                    var password = wifiValue[1].Substring(2);
                    if (password.Length > 0)
                    {
                        ConfigHelper.SetWifi(value);

                        try
                        {
                            CancellationTokenSource cs = new(60000);
                            var success = WifiNetworkHelper.ConnectDhcp(name, password, requiresDateTime: true, token: cs.Token);

                            Debug.WriteLine("链接WIFI成功");
                        }
                        catch (Exception)
                        {
                            Debug.WriteLine("尝试链接WiFi失败");
                        }
                    }
                }

            }

        }

ConfigHelper则是操作文件将wifi的配置持久化,nanoframework的文件系统默认是I,文件路径则是I:\\Wifi.ini这样就可以将数据持久化了。

    public class ConfigHelper
    {
        private const string WifiName = "I:\\Wifi.ini";

        public static void SetWifi(string value)
        {
            var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(value);
            var file = File.Exists(WifiName) ? new FileStream(WifiName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write) : File.Create(WifiName);
            file.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
            file.Close();
        }

        public static WifiModule GetWifi()
        {
            if (File.Exists(WifiName))
            {
                var file = new FileStream(WifiName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
                if (file.Length > 0)
                {

                    var bytes = new byte[file.Length];
                    file.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
                    file.Close();
                    var value = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);

                    var wifiValue = value.Split(';');
                    if (wifiValue.Length > 1)
                    {
                        var name = wifiValue[0].Substring(2);
                        var password = wifiValue[1].Substring(2);
                        return new WifiModule
                        {
                            Name = name,
                            Password = password,
                        };
                    }
                }
                file.Close();
            }

            return new WifiModule { Name = null, Password = null };
        }
    }

下面是程序运行的效果

这样就可以动态配置WIFI了,也可以用蓝牙做设备的初始化。

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