CenOS下监控工具尝试
阅读原文时间:2023年07月10日阅读:3

Cacti

cacti重图形,有数据历史,需要用到数据库支持,支持web配置,默认不支持告警,可以加插件。

安装epel

yum install -y epel-release

安装lamp

yum install -y httpd php php-mysql mysql mysql-server mysql-devel php-gd libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng-devel

安装cacti

yum install -y cacti net-snmp net-snmp-utils rrdtool

启动Mysql服务

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

启动http服务

/etc/init.d/httpd start

启动snmp服务

/etc/init.d/snmpd start

编辑httpd.conf文件

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf

用以下代码替换配置

1,$ s/Deny from all/Allow from all/g

重启http服务

/etc/init.d/httpd restart

创建cacti数据库

mysql -uroot -e "create database cacti"

创建cacti用户

mysql -uroot -e "grant all on cacti.* to 'cacti'@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'cacti';"

导入sql文件

mysql -uroot cacti </usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.8h/cacti.sql

编辑cacti配置文件

vim /usr/share/cacti/include/config.php

配置参数如下所示:

$database_type = "mysql";

$database_default = "cacti";

$database_hostname = "127.0.0.1";

$database_username = "cacti";

$database_password = "cacti";

$database_port = "3306";

$database_ssl = false;

web访问cacti安装

http://ip/cacti/

点两下next和一次finish即可

输入admin admin即可,重新设置新的密码

执行图形生成前,需要注意时区正确:

tzselect 选择Asia,选择China,选择BeiJing,ShangHai

vi /etc/bashrc

加入如下参数

TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ

执行poller.php.生成图形,需要注意时区/时间

/usr/bin/php /usr/share/cacti/poller.php

添加cron计划任务

crontab -e

添加如下参数

*/5 * * * * /usr/bin/php /usr/share/cacti/poller.php

待client配置完毕后,图形化参照配置:

yum install -y net-snmp

修改snmpd.conf配置

参数示例:

syslocation 192.168.211.139

view all included .1 80

access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none

Nagios

Nagios注重状态和结果,没有数据历史,不成图像,不支持web配置,可以自己开发脚本定制个性化监控,支持多种插件。

安装epel源

yum install -y epel-release

安装nagios相关包

yum install -y httpd nagios nagios-plugins nagios-plugins-all nrpe nagios-plugins-nrpe

设置登录nagios后台用户和密码

htpasswd -c /etc/nagios/passwd nagiosadmin

检查配置文件是否有问题

nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg

启动http和nagios服务

service httpd start;service nagios start

浏览器访问测试

http:/ip/nagios

用户名为nagiosadmin,密码为刚才设置的密码。

编辑配置文件,增加nrpe代码,监控系统负载、磁盘使用率需要用到nrpe服务

vim /etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg

define command{

command_name check_nrpe

command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$

}

定义收发邮件接受者

vim /etc/nagios/objects/contacts.cfg

define contact{

contact_name gyt

use    gereric-contact

alias    guyingtao

email    yingtao_gu@phegda.com

}

define contactgroup{

contact_name common

alias    common

members     gyt

}

Nagios Server配置client

vim /etc/nagios/conf.d/192.168.211.128.cfg

#定义client端

define host {

use linux-server

host_name 192.168.211.128

alias 211.128

address 192.168.211.128

}

#get ping

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 192.168.211.128

service_description check_ping

check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!200.0,50%

max_check_attempts 5

normal_check_interval 1

}

#get ssh

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 192.168.211.128

service_description check_ssh

check_command check_ssh

max_check_attempts 5

normal_check_interval 1

notification_interval 60

}

#get http

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 192.168.211.128

service_description check_http

check_command check_http

max_check_attempts 5

26,2-9 Top

check_command check_http

max_check_attempts 5

normal_check_interval 1

}

#get system load

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 192.168.211.128

service_description check_load

check_command check_nrpe!check_load

max_check_attempts 5

normal_check_interval 1

contact_groups    common

#开启提醒功能,1为开启,0为禁用

notifications_enabled    1

notification_period        24x7

#服务状态:    w为waning,u为unknown,c为critical,r为recover

#主机状态:    d为down,u为recover,r为ok

notification_options    w,u,c,r

}

#get disk usage

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 192.168.211.128

service_description check_disk_hda1

check_command check_nrpe!check_hda1

max_check_attempts 5

normal_check_interval 1

}

重启nagios服务

service nagios restart

客户端需要安装nagios相关软件包,并且需要在服务端配置。

在客户端机器上安装epel扩展源

yum install -y epel-release

安装nagios以及nagios-plugins

yum install -y nagios-plugins nagios-plugins-all nrpe nagios-plugins-nrpe

编辑配置文件

vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg

修正参数示例:

allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.211.139

dont_blame_nrpe=1

#get disk status

command[check_hda1]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda1

command[check_hda2]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda2

启动客户端

/etc/init.d/nrpe start

Zabbix

用的较多的监控工具,需要LAMP环境。

#安装epel扩展源

yum install -y epel-release

#有些是否yum报错,注释掉mirrorlist,启用baseurl

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo

#安装rpm包的lamp环境

yum install -y httpd mysql mysql-libs php php-mysql mysql-server php-bcmath php-gd php-mbstring

#安装zabbix服务端

yum install zabbix20 zabbix20-agent zabbix20-server zabbix20-server-mysql zabbix20-web zabbix20-web-mysql net-snmp-devel

#修改mysql配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]下面增加

character_set_server = utf8

#启动Mysql

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

#建库,导入数据

mysql -uroot -e "create database zabbix"

mysql -uroot --default-character-set=utf8 zabbix</usr/share/zabbix-mysql/schema.sql

mysql -uroot --default-character-set=utf8 zabbix</usr/share/zabbix-mysql/images.sql

mysql -uroot --default-character-set=utf8 zabbix</usr/share/zabbix-mysql/data.sql

#创建远程user

insert into mysql.user(Host,User,Password) values('localhost','zabbix',password('zabbix'));

grant all on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'zabbix' with grant option;

grant all on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'%' identified by 'zabbix';

flush privileges;

#修改zabbix配置文件,添加数据库账户/密码

vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

DBUser=zabbix

DBPassword=zabbix

#启动server &agent服务

/etc/init.d/zabbix-server start

/etc/init.d/zabbix-agent start

#启动http服务

/etc/init.d/httpd start

浏览器访问http://ip/zabbix配置,出现报错,修改建议值。

本次案例修改如下参数

vim /etc/php.ini

date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

post_max_size = 16M

max_execution_time = 300

max_input_time = 300

默认管理员账号密码admin/zabbix

#安装扩展源

yum install -y epel-release

#安装agent

yum install -y zabbix20-agent

#修改如下参数

vim /etc/zabbix_agentd.conf

Server=192.168.211.139

Hostname=test1

ServerActive=0.0.0.0:10050

Hostname=test1

#启动agent服务

/etc/init.d/zabbix-agent start

在Server上测试客户端

zabbix_get -s 192.168.211.128 -p 10050 -k "2"

#Server配置sendmail

yum install -y sendmail

/etc/init.d/sendmail start

#测试

echo "test mail" | mail –s "testtest" 375090147@qq.com

mkdir –p /home/zabbix/bin/

vim /home/zabbix/bin/baojing.sh

#!/bin/bash

echo "$3" |/bin/mail -s "$2" $1

chmod +x /home/zabbix/bin/baojing.sh

#修改zabbix Server配置

vim /etc/zabbix_server.conf

AlertScriptsPath=/home/zabbix/bin/

ExternalScripts=/home/zabbix/bin/

#新建一个Media type

#新建一个User绑定Media type

#新建一个action绑定media type

参考:http://www.jb51.net/article/56973.htm

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