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Linux系统运维之Web服务器Nginx安装
阅读原文时间：2023年08月19日阅读：3

　　Nginx是一款轻量级的Web 服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件（IMAP/POP3）代理服务器，并在一个BSD-like 协议下发行。本文先整理web服务器内容。

  1. 操作系统：CentOS 6.6 X64
  2. Nginx版本：nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
  • 　下载nginx安装包

[root@LFTp-Svn01 soft]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
--2016-11-14 17:30:20-- http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
Connecting to 10.112.11.12:3128… connected.
Proxy request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 910812 (889K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: “nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz”

100%[===================================================================================================================>] 910,812 627K/s in 1.4s

2016-11-14 17:30:22 (627 KB/s) - “nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz” saved [910812/910812]

  • 　运行环境安装

[root@LFTp-Svn01 soft]# yum -y install pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gcc
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Package pcre-7.8-7.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package pcre-devel-7.8-7.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package openssl-1.0.1e-42.el6_7.4.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package openssl-devel-1.0.1e-42.el6_7.4.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gcc-4.4.7-16.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do

  • 　解压编译Nginx

[root@LFTp-Svn01 soft]# tar -xf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
[root@LFTp-Svn01 soft]# cd nginx-1.10.2
[root@LFTp-Svn01 nginx-1.10.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre
…………………………………………………………………………………….
Configuration summary

  • using system PCRE library

  • using system OpenSSL library

  • md5: using OpenSSL library

  • sha1: using OpenSSL library

  • using system zlib library

    nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
    nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
    nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
    nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
    nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
    nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
    nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
    nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
    nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
    nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
    nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
    nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
    nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

备注：
--prefix #指定安装目录
--with-http_stub_status_module #stub_status监控模块
--with-http_ssl_module #ssl模块
--with-http_gzip_static_module #压缩传输模块
--with-pcre #pcre模块，nginx强依赖

  • 　安装Nginx

[root@LFTp-Svn01 nginx-1.10.2]# make && make install
………………………………………………………………………..
cp conf/fastcgi_params \
'/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf' \
|| cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params' \
|| cp conf/uwsgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/uwsgi_params \
'/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params' \
|| cp conf/scgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/scgi_params \
'/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf' \
|| cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf'
cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html' \
|| cp -R html '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/soft/nginx-1.10.2'
[root@LFTp-Svn01 nginx-1.10.2]# echo $?
0

#测试安装没问题

  • 　配置Nginx启动脚本

将以下脚本内容命名nginx文件，放置/etc/init.d/下，并赋予执行权限

#!/bin/bash

nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server

chkconfig: - 85 15

description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.

It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.

processname: nginx

pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid

config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid

RETVAL=0
prog="nginx"

Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network

Check that networking is up.

[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0

[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0

Start nginx daemons functions.

start() {

if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then
echo "nginx already running…."
exit 1
fi

echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
return $RETVAL

}

Stop nginx daemons functions.

stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $nginxd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid
}

reload nginx service functions.

reload() {

echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "  
#kill -HUP \`cat ${nginx\_pid}\`  
killproc $nginxd -HUP  
RETVAL=$?  
echo

}

See how we were called.

case "$1" in
start)
start
;;

stop)
stop
;;

reload)
reload
;;

restart)
stop
start
;;

status)
status $prog
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"
exit 1
esac

exit $RETVAL

  • 　Nginx默认配置文件和虚拟机主机配置：

user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

#error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {
worker_connections 65535;
use epoll;
}

http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

log\_format  main  '$remote\_addr - $remote\_user \[$time\_local\] "$request" '  
                  '$status $body\_bytes\_sent "$http\_referer" '  
                  '"$http\_user\_agent" "$http\_x\_forwarded\_for" "$request\_time"';

#access\_log  logs/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;  
tcp\_nopush     on;  
keepalive\_timeout  65;  
client\_max\_body\_size 64M;  
gzip  on;                                            #开启gzip  
gzip\_min\_length 1024;  
gzip\_buffers 4 8k;  
gzip\_types application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

fastcgi\_connect\_timeout 300;  
fastcgi\_read\_timeout 300;  
fastcgi\_send\_timeout 300;  
fastcgi\_buffer\_size 64k;  
fastcgi\_buffers   4 32k;  
fastcgi\_busy\_buffers\_size 64k;  
fastcgi\_temp\_file\_write\_size 64k;

#安全检查需要禁止缓存  
#expires    0;  
expires    1d;  
#add\_header Pragma no-cache;  
#add\_header Cache-Control no-cache;  
#add\_header Cache-Control no-store;  
#add\_header Cache-Control must-revalidate;

#安全需要禁止iFrame,防止iFrame嵌入  
add\_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;

add\_header via $server\_name:$server\_port(php01);  
include vhost/\*.conf;

}

nginx.conf

server {
listen 80 ;
server_name nginx.lain.xyz ;
access_log logs/access.nginx.log main;
error_log logs/error.nginx.log;

    location ^~ /lain/ {  
        root /home/www/;  
    }

    location / {  
       root   /home/www/lain/webroot;  
       index  index.php index.html index.htm;  
       rewrite ^(.\*).do$ $1.php last;  
    }  
    location ~ \\.php$ {  
        fastcgi\_pass  unix:/dev/shm/php-fpm.sock;  
        root   /home/www/lain/webroot;  
        fastcgi\_index  index.php;  
        fastcgi\_param  SCRIPT\_FILENAME

/home/www/ehome_pay_op/webroot/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|htm|html|css|js|flv|ico|swf)(.*) {
root /home/www/lain/webroot;
#expires 30d;
log_not_found off; #禁用not found 报错
}
error_page 403 404 /40x.html;
location = /40x.html {
root html;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}

nginx.lain.xyz

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