SpringBoot集成Actuator监控管理
阅读原文时间:2023年07月10日阅读:3

1.说明

本文详细介绍Spring Boot集成Actuator监控管理的方法,
基于已经创建好的Spring Boot工程,
然后引入Actuator依赖,
介绍监控管理相关功能的使用。
Spring Boot提供的准生产环境下的应用监控和管理功能,
可以通过HTTP,JMX协议来进行操作,
自动获得审计、运行状态及度量指标等信息。
本文主要介绍通过HTTP进行监控和管理,
另外通过配置SSL,能够支持HTTPS协议操作。

2.引入依赖

修改pom.xml文件,
引入spring-boot-starter-actuator依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

实际使用的版本是2.3.1.RELEASE,
后面的演示说明都是基于这个版本。

3.启动服务

配置文件和启动类都无需修改,
只要是一个Spring Boot微服务就行。
在application.yml文件指定了服务启动端口,
方便后面使用HTTP访问:

server:
  port: 8011

启动成功日志:

.   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.3.1.RELEASE)

17:17:10.366 [restartedMain] INFO  com.yuwen.spring.actuator.ActuatorApplication - Starting ActuatorApplication on yuwen-asiainfo with PID 9740 (D:\Code\Learn\SpringBoot\spring-boot-demo\actuator\target\classes started by yuwen in D:\Code\Learn\SpringBoot\spring-boot-demo\actuator)
17:17:10.371 [restartedMain] INFO  com.yuwen.spring.actuator.ActuatorApplication - No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
17:17:10.425 [restartedMain] INFO  org.springframework.boot.devtools.env.DevToolsPropertyDefaultsPostProcessor - Devtools property defaults active! Set 'spring.devtools.add-properties' to 'false' to disable
17:17:10.425 [restartedMain] INFO  org.springframework.boot.devtools.env.DevToolsPropertyDefaultsPostProcessor - For additional web related logging consider setting the 'logging.level.web' property to 'DEBUG'
17:17:11.107 [restartedMain] INFO  org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer - Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8011 (http)
17:17:11.118 [restartedMain] INFO  org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol - Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8011"]
17:17:11.118 [restartedMain] INFO  org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService - Starting service [Tomcat]
17:17:11.118 [restartedMain] INFO  org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine - Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.36]
17:17:11.164 [restartedMain] INFO  org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] - Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
17:17:11.164 [restartedMain] INFO  org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext - Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 738 ms
17:17:11.326 [restartedMain] INFO  org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor - Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
17:17:11.497 [restartedMain] INFO  org.springframework.boot.devtools.autoconfigure.OptionalLiveReloadServer - LiveReload server is running on port 35729
17:17:11.500 [restartedMain] INFO  org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web.EndpointLinksResolver - Exposing 2 endpoint(s) beneath base path '/actuator'
17:17:11.513 [restartedMain] INFO  org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol - Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8011"]
17:17:11.526 [restartedMain] INFO  org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer - Tomcat started on port(s): 8011 (http) with context path ''
17:17:11.566 [restartedMain] INFO  com.yuwen.spring.actuator.ActuatorApplication - Started ActuatorApplication in 1.414 seconds (JVM running for 2.41)
17:17:12.939 [RMI TCP Connection(9)-127.0.0.1] INFO  org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] - Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
17:17:12.939 [RMI TCP Connection(9)-127.0.0.1] INFO  org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet - Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
17:17:12.942 [RMI TCP Connection(9)-127.0.0.1] INFO  org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet - Completed initialization in 3 ms

请注意如下日志:

Exposing 2 endpoint(s) beneath base path '/actuator'

说明在基本路径'/actuator'下暴露2个端点。

4.通过日志查看暴露的端点

上面的日志只说明了暴露了2个端点,
具体对外暴露的端点可以通过配置日志查看。

修改log4j2.xml日志级别为Trace:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="WARN">
  <Appenders>
    <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
      <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
    </Console>
  </Appenders>
  <Loggers>
    <Root level="TRACE">
      <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
    </Root>
  </Loggers>
</Configuration>

重启服务可以看到如下日志:

17:20:34.665 [restartedMain] INFO  org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web.EndpointLinksResolver - Exposing 2 endpoint(s) beneath base path '/actuator'
17:20:34.666 [restartedMain] TRACE org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Eagerly caching bean 'webEndpointServletHandlerMapping' to allow for resolving potential circular references
17:20:34.666 [restartedMain] TRACE org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Invoking afterPropertiesSet() on bean with name 'webEndpointServletHandlerMapping'
17:20:34.666 [restartedMain] TRACE org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web.servlet.WebMvcEndpointHandlerMapping - Register "{GET /actuator/health, produces [application/vnd.spring-boot.actuator.v3+json || application/vnd.spring-boot.actuator.v2+json || application/json]}" to java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web.servlet.AbstractWebMvcEndpointHandlerMapping$OperationHandler.handle(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>)
17:20:34.666 [restartedMain] TRACE org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web.servlet.WebMvcEndpointHandlerMapping - Register "{GET /actuator/health/**, produces [application/vnd.spring-boot.actuator.v3+json || application/vnd.spring-boot.actuator.v2+json || application/json]}" to java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web.servlet.AbstractWebMvcEndpointHandlerMapping$OperationHandler.handle(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>)
17:20:34.666 [restartedMain] TRACE org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web.servlet.WebMvcEndpointHandlerMapping - Register "{GET /actuator/info, produces [application/vnd.spring-boot.actuator.v3+json || application/vnd.spring-boot.actuator.v2+json || application/json]}" to java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web.servlet.AbstractWebMvcEndpointHandlerMapping$OperationHandler.handle(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>)
17:20:34.667 [restartedMain] TRACE org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web.servlet.WebMvcEndpointHandlerMapping - Register "{GET /actuator, produces [application/vnd.spring-boot.actuator.v3+json || application/vnd.spring-boot.actuator.v2+json || application/json]}" to public java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.util.Map<java.lang.String, org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web.Link>> org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web.servlet.WebMvcEndpointHandlerMapping$WebMvcLinksHandler.links(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)

可以看到有4个URL服务端点:

GET /actuator/health
GET /actuator/health/**
GET /actuator/info
GET /actuator

其中一个是/actuator自己,
/actuator下面有3个URL,
但是/health和/health/**其实是1个端点,
所以日志中说是在基本路径下暴露2个端点。

5.通过HTTP查看暴露的端点

浏览器访问监控管理提供的基本路径:

http://localhost:8011/actuator

同样可以看到暴露出来的所有端点:

{
    "_links": {
        "self": {
            "href": "http://localhost:8011/actuator",
            "templated": false
        },
        "health": {
            "href": "http://localhost:8011/actuator/health",
            "templated": false
        },
        "health-path": {
            "href": "http://localhost:8011/actuator/health/{*path}",
            "templated": true
        },
        "info": {
            "href": "http://localhost:8011/actuator/info",
            "templated": false
        }
    }
}

6.查看health端口

访问上面查询出的health端口:

http://localhost:8011/actuator/health

返回结果:

{
    "status": "UP"
}

代表监控的微服务状态是正常运行的。

7.查看info端口

访问上面查询出的info端口:

http://localhost:8011/actuator/info

返回结果:

{}

返回结果为空,
因为还没有在application.yml中设置参数。

8.新增info参数

在application.yml中新增info参数:

info:
  description: spring boot actuator

在info下新增description参数,
重启服务后访问info端口:

http://localhost:8011/actuator/info

返回结果:

{
    "description": "spring boot actuator"
}

可以看到新增的参数能够查询出来了,
实际上在info下可以新增任意参数,
都能够通过info端点查询出来。

9.参考文档

Spring Boot Actuator: Production-ready Features

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