.NET6.0实现IOC容器
阅读原文时间:2023年09月06日阅读:5

.NET6.0实现IOC容器

IOC的作用这里省略…只对如何使用进行说明。

这里使用 .NET6.0 WebAPI 应用

  public interface IAuthService
  {
        bool CheckToken();
  }


class AuthServiceImpl : IAuthService
{
        public bool CheckToken()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("check token");
            return true;
        }
}

下面是在 program 类中的代码

var services = new ServiceCollection();
services.AddSingleton<IAuthService, AuthServiceImpl>();

通过在 Controller的构造函数中注入IAuthService

        private readonly IAuthService _service;
        public WeatherForecastController(IAuthService service)
        {
            _service = service;
        }

        [HttpGet(Name = "test")]
        public bool Get()
        {
           return _service.CheckToken();
        }

启动后,通过swagger发起请求,验证接口。

基本IOC容器流程已实现。但是这样存在一个弊端,每个接口和实现都要在program中手动注册一遍,还要在Controller构造函数中进行依赖注入,有没有能自动实现注册代替program中的手动注册?

接下来,对上述流程进行改良。

定义一个AutowiredAttribute标记,通过Atrribute标记的方式,在实现类上标记其要实现的接口服务,然后实现一个服务加载类ServiceLoader,在这个类中反射获取所有具备AutoIocAttribute的实现类,然后注册到ServiceCollection中。

6.1 定义特性标记AutowiredAttribute

    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class, Inherited = false, AllowMultiple = false)]
    public class AutowiredAttribute : Attribute
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 接口
        /// </summary>
        public Type Iface { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 实现类名
        /// </summary>
        public string ImplClassName { get; set; }

        public AutowiredAttribute(Type iface, [CallerMemberName] string implClassName = "")
        {
            Iface = iface;
            ImplClassName = implClassName;
        }
    }

6.2 实现服务加载类

利用IServiceCollection作为服务容器

    public class ServiceLoader
    {
        private static object _lock = new object();
        private static AppRuntime _inst;
        private readonly IServiceCollection _iocService = new ServiceCollection();
        private readonly ICollection<Assembly> _iocAssembly = new HashSet<Assembly>();
        private IServiceProvider _iocServiceProvider = null;

        public static ServiceLoader Instance
        {
            get
            {
                if (_inst == null)
                {
                    lock (_lock)
                    {
                        _inst = new ServiceLoader();
                        _inst.Startup(typeof(ServiceLoader).Assembly);
                    }
                }
                return _inst;
            }
        }

        public T GetService<T>()
        {
            EnsureAutoIoc<T>();
            return _iocServiceProvider.GetService<T>();
        }

        private void EnsureAutoIoc<T>()
        {
            Startup(typeof(T).Assembly);
        }

        public void Startup(Assembly ass)
        {
            if (_iocAssembly.Any(x => x == ass))
            {
                return;
            }
            _iocAssembly.Add(ass);

            var types = ass.GetTypes().Where(x => x.GetCustomAttribute<AutowiredAttribute>() != null);
            foreach (var item in types)
            {
                var autoIocAtt = item.GetCustomAttribute<AutowiredAttribute>();
                AddTransient(autoIocAtt.Iface, item);
            }
            //_iocServiceProvider = _iocService.BuildServiceProvider();
            Interlocked.Exchange(ref _iocServiceProvider, _iocService.BuildServiceProvider());
        }

        private void AddTransient(Type iface, Type impl)
        {
            _iocService.AddTransient(iface, impl);
        }
    }

6.3 在实现类加上标记

    [Autowired(typeof(IAuthService))]
    class AuthServiceImpl : IAuthService
    {

        public bool CheckToken()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("check token");
            return true;
        }
    }

6.4 在 Controller 中调用

   var svc = ServiceLoader.Instance.GetService<IAuthService>();
   svc.CheckToken();

至此一个基本的完整IOC容器已实现。