梳理selenium的鼠标方法

你需要有一定的selenium基础

• 包导入

   from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains

• 调用方式一:链式调用

   ActionChains(driver).动作1.动作2.perform()

• 调用方式二:分步执行

   myaction = ActionChains(driver)
   myaction.动作1
   myaction.动作2
   myaction.perform()

鼠标方法

参数

说明

click★★

on_element=None

点击

click_and_hold★

on_element=None

点击并按住

context_click★

on_element=None

右键

double_click★

on_element=None

双击

drag_and_drop★★

source, target

拖拽

drag_and_drop_by_offset★

source, xoffset, yoffset

拖拽(依据偏移量)

key_down★

value, element=None

按下某个键

key_up★

value, element=None

抬起某个键

move_by_offset★

xoffset, yoffset

移动(依据偏移量)

move_to_element★★

to_element

移动到元素

move_to_element_with_offset

to_element, xoffset, yoffset

移动到元素(依据偏移量)

pause

seconds

暂停

perform★★★

无参数

执行

release★

on_element=None

释放

reset_actions

无参数

重置动作

scroll

x: int, y: int, delta_x: int, delta_y: int, duration: int = 0, origin: str = "viewport"

滚动(废弃)

scroll_by_amount

delta_x: int, delta_y: int

通过给定的偏差滚动

scroll_from_origin

scroll_origin: ScrollOrigin, delta_x: int, delta_y: int

通过给定的原始位置+偏差滚动

scroll_to_element

element

滚动到元素

send_keys★

*keys_to_send

发送按键

send_keys_to_element★

element, *keys_to_send

发送按键到元素

实例:click、context_click、double_click

• 体验3个方法的作用

 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 from selenium import webdriver
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://sahitest.com/demo/clicks.htm')
 ele_click = driver.find_element('css selector', "input[value='click me']")
 ele_dblclick = driver.find_element('css selector', "input[value='dbl click me']")
 ele_rightclick = driver.find_element('css selector', "input[value='right click me']")
 ActionChains(driver).click(ele_click).perform()
 ActionChains(driver).double_click(ele_dblclick).perform()
 ActionChains(driver).context_click(ele_rightclick).perform()

• 双击全选的一个案例

 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 from selenium import webdriver
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://106.14.1.150:8090/forum.php')
 ele_username = driver.find_element('css selector', "#ls_username")
 ele_username.send_keys('admin')
 ActionChains(driver).double_click(ele_username).perform()

实例:drag_and_drop和底层实现click_and_hold和release

 from time import sleep
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 from selenium import webdriver
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://sahitest.com/demo/dragDropMooTools.htm')
 ele_drag = driver.find_element('css selector', '#dragger')
 ele_items = driver.find_elements('css selector', '.item')
 for ele_item in ele_items:
     ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop(ele_drag, ele_item).perform()
     sleep(1)

• 底层实现

 from time import sleep
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 from selenium import webdriver
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://sahitest.com/demo/dragDropMooTools.htm')
 ele_drag = driver.find_element('css selector', '#dragger')
 ele_items = driver.find_elements('css selector', '.item')
 for ele_item in ele_items:
     myaction = ActionChains(driver)
     myaction.click_and_hold(ele_drag)  # 点击并按住
     myaction.release(ele_item)  # 松开按键
     myaction.perform()
     sleep(1)

实例:move_to_element实现悬停

 from selenium import webdriver
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 ​
 from time import sleep
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 ​
 driver.get('http://106.14.1.150:8090/forum.php')
 # 1. 鼠标移动到快捷导航元素
 ele_navi = driver.find_element('css selector','#qmenu')
 ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(ele_navi).perform()
 ​

实例:move_by_offset实现坐标点击

 from selenium import webdriver
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://106.14.1.150:8090/forum.php')
 ele_username = driver.find_element('css selector','#ls_username')
 x= ele_username.location['x']
 y= ele_username.location['y']
 ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=x,yoffset=y).click().perform()

实例:drag_and_drop_by_offset实现滚动条拖动

 from selenium import webdriver
 from time import sleep
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.maximize_window()
 driver.execute_cdp_cmd("Page.addScriptToEvaluateOnNewDocument", {
         "source": """Object.defineProperty(navigator, 'webdriver', {get: () => undefined})""",
    })  #让浏览器感知不到是自动化软件在动作
 driver.get('http://vip.ytesting.com/loginController.do?login')
 ​
 driver.find_element('css selector','#userName').send_keys('松勤VIP账号')
 ​
 driver.find_element('css selector','#password').send_keys('松勤VIP账号的密码')
 ​
 ele_huakuai = driver.find_element('css selector','#nc_1_n1z')
 ​
 ​
 ele_gundongtiao = driver.find_element('css selector','#nc_1__scale_text')
 ​
 distance = ele_gundongtiao.rect['width'] - ele_huakuai.rect['width']
 ​
 ​
 ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop_by_offset(ele_huakuai,xoffset=distance,yoffset=0).perform()
 ​
 sleep(2)
 driver.find_element('css selector','#but_login').click()

实例:send_keys、send_keys_to_element、key_down和key_up

 from selenium import webdriver
 from time import sleep
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://106.14.1.150:8090/forum.php')
 ele_username = driver.find_element('id','ls_username')
 ActionChains(driver).send_keys_to_element(ele_username,'ad').perform()
 ActionChains(driver).click(ele_username).send_keys('mi').perform()
 ActionChains(driver).click(ele_username).key_down('n').key_up('n').perform()