HBase 安装与配置

首要配置

配置时间同步（所有节点上执行）

yum -y install chrony
vi /etc/chrony.conf
#写入(7版本用server；8版本用pool):
server time1.aliyun.com iburst
或
pool time1.aliyun.com iburst
#保存配置并退出
systemctl enable --now chronyd
systemctl status chronyd
#执行后如果看到running则表示成功

步骤一：解压缩 HBase 安装包

[root@master ~]# tar -zxvf /opt/software/hbase-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
步骤二：重命名 HBase 安装文件夹

[root@master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@master src]# mv hbase-1.2.1 hbase
步骤三：在所有节点添加环境变量

[root@master ~]# vi /etc/profile

set hbase environment

export HBASE_HOME=/usr/local/src/hbase
export PATH=$HBASE_HOME/bin:$PATH
步骤四：在所有节点使环境变量生效

[root@master ~]# source /etc/profile
步骤五：在 master 节点进入配置文件目录

[root@master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/hbase/conf/
步骤六：在master节点配置 hbase-env.sh 文件

#在文件中修改
[root@master conf]# vi hbase-env.sh
#Java安装位置
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/src/jdk
#值为 true使用 HBase自带的 ZooKeeper,值为 false使用在 Hadoop上装的 ZooKeeper(前面安装了Zookeeper就用false)
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false
#HBase类路径
export HBASE_CLASSPATH=/usr/local/src/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
步骤七：在master节点配置 hbase-site.xml

进入配置文件

[root@master conf]# vi hbase-site.xml
#写入
hbase.rootdir hdfs://master:9000/hbase # 使用 9000端口 The directory shared by region servers.
hbase.master.info.port 60010 # 使用 master节点 60010端口
hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort 2181 # 使用 master节点 2181端口 Property from ZooKeeper's config zoo.cfg. The port at which the clients will connect.
zookeeper.session.timeout 120000 # ZooKeeper超时时间
hbase.zookeeper.quorum master,slave1,slave2 # ZooKeeper管理节点
hbase.tmp.dir /usr/local/src/hbase/tmp # HBase临时文件路径
hbase.cluster.distributed true # 使用分布式 HBase

hbase.rootdir：该项配置了数据写入的目录，默认 hbase.rootdir是指向/tmp/hbase-${user.name}，也就说你会在重启后丢失数据

(重启的时候操作系统会清理/tmp目录)。

hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort：指定 zk的连接端口。

zookeeper.session.timeout：RegionServer与 ZooKeeper间的连接超时时间。当超

时时间到后，ReigonServer 会被 ZooKeeper 从 RS 集群清单中移除，HMaster 收到移除通

知后，会对这台 server负责的 regions重新 balance，让其他存活的 RegionServer接管。

hbase.zookeeper.quorum：默认值是 localhost，列出 zookeepr ensemble 中的servers。

hbase.master.info.port：浏览器的访问端口。

步骤八：在master节点修改 regionservers 文件

#删除 localhost，每一行写一个 slave节点主机机器名
[root@master conf]$ vi regionservers
slave1
slave2
步骤九：在master节点创建 hbase.tmp.dir 目录

[root@master usr]# mkdir /usr/local/src/hbase/tmp
步骤十：将master上的 hbase 安装文件同步到 slave1 slave2

[root@master ~]# scp -r /usr/local/src/hbase/ root@slave1:/usr/local/src/
[root@master ~]# scp -r /usr/local/src/hbase/ root@slave2:/usr/local/src/
步骤十一：在所有节点修改 hbase 目录权限

#master节点修改权限
[root@master ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/src/hbase/

#slave1节点修改权限
[root@slave1 ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/src/hbase/

#slave2节点修改权限
[root@slave2 ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/src/hbase/
步骤十二：在所有节点切换到 hadoop 用户

#master节点
[root@master ~]#su – hadoop
[root@master ~]#souce /etc/profile

#slave1节点
[root@slave1 ~]#su – hadoop
[root@slave1 ~]#souce /etc/profile

#slave2节点
[root@slave2~]#su – hadoop
[root@slave2~]#souce /etc/profile
步骤十三：启动 HBase

先启动 Hadoop，然后启动 ZooKeeper，最后启动 HBase

首先在 master节点启动 Hadoop

[hadoop@master ~]$ start-all.sh
#master节点
[hadoop@master ~]$ jps
10288 ResourceManager
9939 NameNode
10547 Jps
10136 SecondaryNameNode

#slave1节点
[hadoop@slave1 ~]$ jps
4465 NodeManager
4356 DataNode
4584 Jps

#slave2节点
[hadoop@slave2 ~]$ jps
3714 DataNode
3942 Jps
3823 ResourceManager

步骤十四：在所有节点启动 ZooKeeper

如果没有做Zookeeper则不用启动，会显示没有此命令

[hadoop@master ~]$ zkServer.sh start
[hadoop@master ~]$ jps
#master节点
10288 ResourceManager
9939 NameNode
10599 Jps
10136 SecondaryNameNode
10571 QuorumPeerMain

#slave1节点
[hadoop@slave1 ~]$ zkServer.sh start
[hadoop@slave1 ~]$ jps
1473 QuorumPeerMain
1302 NodeManager
1226 DataNode
1499 Jps

#slave2节点
[hadoop@slave2 ~]$ zkServer.sh start
[hadoop@slave2 ~]$ jps
1296 NodeManager
1493 Jps
1222 DataNode
1469 QuorumPeerMain

步骤十五：在 master 节点启动 HBase

[hadoop@master ~]$ start-hbase.sh
[hadoop@master ~]$ jps
#master节点
1669 ResourceManager
2327 Jps
1322 NameNode
2107 HMaster
1948 QuorumPeerMain
1517 SecondaryNameNode

#slave1节点
[hadoop@slave1 ~]$ jps
1473 QuorumPeerMain
1557 HRegionServer
1702 Jps
1302 NodeManager
1226 DataNode

#slave2节点
[hadoop@slave2 ~]$ jps
1296 NodeManager
1222 DataNode
1545 HRegionServer
1725 Jps
1469 QuorumPeerMain
步骤十六：在浏览器输入 master:60010 出现如下的界面

HBase 常用 Shell 命令

启动 hdfs、zookeeper、hbase 服务

步骤一：进入 HBase 命令行

[hadoop@master ~]$ hbase shell
步骤二：建立表 scores，两个列簇：grade 和 course

hbase(main):001:0> create 'scores','grade','course'

0 row(s) in 1.4480 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - scores
步骤三：查看数据库状态

hbase (main) :001 :0> status

1 active master, 0 backup masters, 2 servers, 0 dead, 1.0000 average load
步骤四：查看数据库版本

hbase (main) :002:0> version

1.2.1,r8d8a7107dc4ccbf36a92f64675dc60392f85c015,Wed Mar 30 11:19:21 CDT 2016
步骤五：查看表

hbase(main):008:0> list

TABLE
scores
1 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
=>["scores"]
步骤六：插入记录 1：jie,grade: 143cloud

hbase(main):003:0> put 'scores','jie','grade:','146cloud'

0 row(s) in 0.2250 seconds
步骤七：插入记录 2：jie,course:math,86

hbase(main):004:0> put 'scores','jie','course:math','86'

0 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds
步骤八：插入记录 3：jie,course:cloud,92

hbase(main):005:0> put 'scores','jie','course:cloud','92'

0 row(s) in 0.0170 seconds
步骤九：插入记录 4：shi,grade:133soft

hbase(main):006:0> put 'scores','shi','grade:','133soft'

0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds
步骤十：插入记录 5：shi,grade:math,87

hbase(main):007:0> put 'scores','shi','course:math','87'

0 row(s) in 0.0060 seconds
步骤十一：插入记录 6：shi,grade:cloud,96

hbase(main):008:0> put 'scores','shi','course:cloud','96'

0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds
步骤十二：读取 jie 的记录

hbase(main):009:0> get 'scores','jie'

COLUMN CELL
course:cloud timestamp=1460479208148, value=92
course:math timestamp=1460479163325，value=86
grade: timestamp=1460479064086，value=146cloud
3 row(s) in 0.0800 seconds
步骤十三：读取 jie 的班级

hbase(main):012:0> get 'scores','jie','grade'

COLUMN CELL
grade: timestamp=1460479064086，value=146cloud
1 row( s) in 0.0150 seconds
步骤十四：查看整个表记录

hbase(main):013:0> scan 'scores'

ROW COLUMN+CELL
jie column=course:cloud, timestamp=1460479208148,value=92
jie column-course:math, timestamp=1460479163325, value=86
jie column=grade:，timestamp=1460479064086，value=146cloud
shi column=course:cloud, timestamp=1460479342925，value=96
shi column=course:math, timestamp=1460479312963，value=87
shi column=grade:，timestamp=1460479257429, value=133soft
2 row(s) in 0.0570 seconds
步骤十五：按例查看表记录

hbase(main):014:0> scan 'scores',{COLUMNS=>'course'}

ROW COLUMN+CELL
jie column=course:cloud, timestamp=1460479208148, value=92
jie column=course:math, timestamp=1460479163325, value=86
shi column=course:cloud, timestamp=1460479342925, value=96
shi column=course:math, times tamp=1460479312963, value=87
2 row(s) in 0. 0230 seconds
步骤十六：删除指定记录

hbase(main):015:0> delete 'scores','shi','grade'

0 row(s) in 0.0390 seconds
步骤十七：删除后,执行scan命令

hbase(main):016:0> scan 'scores'

ROW COLUMN+CELL
jie column=course:cloud, timestamp=1460479208148, value=92
jie column=course:math, timestamp=1460479163325, value=86
jie column=grade:, timestamp=1460479064086, value=146cloud
shi column=course:cloud, timestamp=1460479342925, value=96
shi column=course:math, timestamp=1460479312963, value=87
row( s) in 0. 0350 seconds
步骤十八：增加新的列簇

hbase(main):017:0> alter 'scores',NAME=>'age'

Updating all regions with the new schema…
0/ 1 regions updated.
1/ 1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 3.0060 seconds
步骤十九：查看表结构

hbase(main):018:0> describe 'scores'

Table scores is ENABLED
scores
COLUMN FAMIL IES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => age'，BL O0MFILTER =>ROW'，VERSIONS => '1' ，IN_ MEMORY
=> 'false', KEEP DELETED_ CELLS =>FAL SE'，DATA BLOCK ENCODING =>
NONETTL => ' FOREVER', COMPRESSION=>NONE'，MIN VERSIONS => '0' ，
BLOCKCACHE => ' true BLOCKSIZE =>65536'，REPLICATION_ SCOPE =>
'0'}
{NAME =>course，BLOOMFILTER => ' ROW', VERSIONS =>IN MEMORY =>
false', KEEPDELETED CELLS =>FALSE', DATA BLOCK ENCODING =>
1 NONE'，TTL =>FOREVER'，COMPRESSION =>NONE'，MIN VERSIONS => '0'
BLOCKCACHE => 'true' ，BLOCKSIZE =>65536'，REPLICATION SCOPE
=>0'}{NAME => grade BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW' ，VERSIONS =>IN_ MEMORY =>
' false', KEEPDELETED CELLS =>FALSE'，DATA BLOCK ENCODING =>1 NONE
'TTL =>FOREVER'，COMPRESSION =>NONE'，MIN VERSIONS => '0'
BLOCKCACHE => 'true' ，BLOCKSIZE => '65536 ，REPLICATION SCOPE
=> '0'}
3 row(s) in 0.0400 seconds
步骤二十：删除列簇

hbase(main):020:0> alter 'scores',NAME=>'age',METHOD=>'delete'

Updating all regions with the new schema…
1/ 1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s)in 2.1600seconds
步骤二十一：删除表

hbase(main):021:0> disable 'scores'

0 row(s)in 2.2930seconds

hbase(main):022:0> drop 'scores'

0 row(s)in 1.2530seconds

hbase( main) :023:0> list

TABLE
0 row(s)in 0.0150 seconds
==>[]
步骤二十二：退出

hbase(main):024:0> quit

[hadoop@master ~]$
步骤二十三：关闭 HBase

#在 master节点关闭 HBase
[hadoop@master ~]$ stop-hbase.sh

#在所有节点关闭 ZooKeeper
[hadoop@master ~]$ zkServer.sh stop
[hadoop@slave1 ~]$ zkServer.sh stop
[hadoop@slave2 ~]$ zkServer.sh stop

#在 master节点关闭 Hadoop
[hadoop@master ~]$ stop-all.sh