使用Spring MVC实现文件上传与下载
阅读原文时间:2023年07月09日阅读:5

前段时间做毕业设计的时候,想要完成一个上传文件的功能,后来,虽然在自己本地搭建了一个ftp服务器,然后使用公司的工具完成了一个文档管理系统;但是还是没有找到自己想要的文件上传与下载的方式。

今天看到一篇关于SpringMVC实现文件上传和下载的,以此做记录。

一:基础配置

maven导包 并 配置pom.xml,导入Spring mvc的基础依赖 和 文件上传下载用到的commons-io.jsr和commons-fileupload.jar:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>filLoadTest</groupId>
  <artifactId>filLoadTest</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>filLoadTest Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
   <build>
    <finalName>filLoadTest</finalName>
     <plugins>
            <!-- 以下配置可以保证每次强制更新时jre版本不会变化,那我的eclipse4.4.1,maven3.2.5为例,如果不设置这个,每次强制更新时jre就会变回1.5 -->
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    <compilerArguments>
                        <verbose />
                        <bootclasspath>${java.home}\lib\rt.jar</bootclasspath>
                    </compilerArguments>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
  </build>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
        <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>  

二:Web.xml基础配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
    <filter>
        <description>字符集过滤器</description>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <description>字符集编码</description>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>  

三:spring配置spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">    

    <context:annotation-config />
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <context:component-scan base-package="controllers" />    

    <!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
    <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
        class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
            <list>
                <value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>  

    <!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="messageConverters">
            <list>
                <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- json转换器 -->
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>  

    <!-- 支持上传文件 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" >
        <!-- 100M -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600"></property>
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>    

四:文件上传代码

上传的简单页面index.html,要注意form表单提交时的entype的设置:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
</head>
<body>
   <form action="./upLoadFile.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
                 选择文件:<input type="file" name="file"/>
                 <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
   </form>
</body>
</html>  

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver;  

@Controller
public class fileController {  

    /**
     * 文件上传
     *
     * @author:tuzongxun
     * @Title: upLoadFile
     * @param @param file
     * @param @param request
     * @param @throws IllegalStateException
     * @param @throws IOException
     * @return void
     * @date Apr 28, 2016 1:22:00 PM
     * @throws
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/upLoadFile.do", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void upLoadFile(HttpServletRequest request)
            throws IllegalStateException, IOException {
        // @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file,
        CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver(
                request.getSession().getServletContext());
        // 判断 request 是否有文件上传,即多部分请求
        if (multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) {
            // 转换成多部分request
            MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;
            // 取得request中的所有文件名
            Iterator<String> iter = multiRequest.getFileNames();
            while (iter.hasNext()) {
                // 取得上传文件
                MultipartFile f = multiRequest.getFile(iter.next());
                if (f != null) {
                    // 取得当前上传文件的文件名称
                    String myFileName = f.getOriginalFilename();
                    // 如果名称不为“”,说明该文件存在,否则说明该文件不存在
                    if (myFileName.trim() != "") {
                        // 定义上传路径
                        String path = "C:\\Users\\tuzongxun123\\Desktop\\"
                                + myFileName;
                        File localFile = new File(path);
                        f.transferTo(localFile);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}  

原文地址:

使用springMVC实现文件上传和下载之环境配置与上传

五:文件下载

文件下载需要获取下载文件的存储路径,这里只是手动填入,如果是在具体项目中,可以把文件名和上传后的存储路径保存在数据库中。然后增加一个文件列表的页面展示文件名和文件路径,然后点击下载的时候把相应的文件名和路径传到后台操作。

/**
     * 文件下载,需要文件名和文件地址
     *
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/downLoadFile.do")
    public ResponseEntity<byte[]> download(@RequestParam("name") String name,
           @RequestParam("filePath") String path) throws IOException {
       File file = new File(path);
       HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
       String fileName = new String(name.getBytes("UTF-8"), "iso-8859-1");// 为了解决中文名称乱码问题
       headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName);
       headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
       return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file),
              headers, HttpStatus.CREATED);
    }  

Html页面,这里只是简单的填写文件名和文件路径,用form表单提交到后台,然后后台会控制response在页面弹出保存文件路径的选择框,当然了,这里的后台我没有做什么处理,如果文件不存在是会报错的,可以进行相应的处理:

文件下载:
   </br> </br>
   <form action="./downLoadFile.do"style="border:1px solid grey;width:auto;" method="post">
           文件名:<input type="text" name="name"/></br></br>
           文件路径:<input type="text" name="filePath"/></br></br>
           <input type="submit" value="确认下载"/>
   </form>  

使用springMVC实现文件上传和下载之文件下载