BDD（Behavior Driven Development），行为驱动开发, 对应自动化测试框架，python有behave，java有cucumber, 这次记录cucumber+springboot+maven的自动化测试框架。

基本结构如下：

1）POM.xml

http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
4.0.0

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-parent -->  
<parent>  
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>  
    <version>2.3.3.RELEASE</version>  
</parent>

<groupId>org.example</groupId>  
<artifactId>cucumberExample</artifactId>  
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

<!--can set the same version for the same module-->  
<properties>  
    <cucumber.version>2.3.1</cucumber.version>  
    <cucumber-reporting.version>3.14.0</cucumber-reporting.version>  
    <maven.compiler.version>3.7.0</maven.compiler.version>  
    <java.compiler.version>1.8</java.compiler.version>  
</properties>

<dependencies>  
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test -->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>  
        <scope>test</scope>  
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-java8 -->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>  
        <artifactId>cucumber-java8</artifactId>  
        <version>${cucumber.version}</version>  
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-spring -->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>  
        <artifactId>cucumber-spring</artifactId>  
        <version>${cucumber.version}</version>  
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-junit -->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>  
        <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>  
        <version>${cucumber.version}</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.masterthought/cucumber-reporting -->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>net.masterthought</groupId>  
        <artifactId>cucumber-reporting</artifactId>  
        <version>${cucumber-reporting.version}</version>  
    </dependency>

</dependencies>  
<build>  
    <plugins>  
        <plugin>  
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-compiler-plugin -->  
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>  
            <version>${maven.compiler.version}</version>  
            <configuration>  
                <source>${java.compiler.version}</source>  
                <target>${java.compiler.version}</target>  
            </configuration>  
        </plugin>  
        <plugin>  
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-surefire-plugin -->  
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>  
            <version>3.0.0-M5</version>  
            <inherited>true</inherited>  
            <dependencies>  
                <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.surefire/surefire-junit4 -->  
                <dependency>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>surefire-junit4</artifactId>  
                    <version>3.0.0-M5</version>  
                </dependency>  
            </dependencies>  
            <configuration>  
                <argLine>-Xmx1024m</argLine>  
                <argLine>-Xms1024m</argLine>  
                <forkCount>3.0c</forkCount>  
                <reuseForks>true</reuseForks>  
                <testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore>  
                <includes>  
                    <include>\*\*/demoRunner.class</include>  
                </includes>  
            </configuration>  
        </plugin>  
    </plugins>  
</build>

2）features: 最重要的环节，用户场景

@login
Feature: login function

Scenario Outline: password checking
Given I have open the login page
And input account=
And input password=
When I click the LOGIN button
Then it return login success to me

Examples:  
|account|password|  
|user1  |password1|  
|user2  |password2|

3）steps: 实现feature 里面每一个步骤的逻辑，一句话对应一个step一个方法

备注：这里我还没有加上方法体，以后再加

package steps;
/*
* @author Helen Lee
* @create 2020/9/11
* @description
*/
import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;
import cucumber.api.java.en.Then;
import cucumber.api.java.en.When;
import org.junit.Assert;

public class login_steps {
@Given("I have open the login page")
public void iHaveOpenTheLoginPage() {
}

@Given("input account=(.\*)")  
public void inputAccountAccount(String account) {

}

@Given("input password=(.\*)")  
public void inputPasswordPassword(String password) {

}

@When("I click the LOGIN button")  
public void iClickTheLOGINButton() {

}

@Then("it return login success to me")  
public void itReturnLoginSuccessToMe() {  
}  

}

4）runner: 执行testcases

/*
* @author Helen Lee
* @create 2020/9/11
* @description
*/

import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@SpringBootTest
@CucumberOptions(
tags = {"@login"},
features = {"src/main/resources/features"},
glue = {"steps"},
plugin = {
"pretty",
"html:target/cucumber",
"json:target/cucumberReportJsonFiles/cucumber-report.json"
}
)
public class demoRunner {
public void test() {
}
}

完成这四个之后，就可以run demoRunner了，结果如下：跑了user1/password1 和user2/passwords两个test cases