docker 获取 mysql 5.7 版本的镜像。

将docker 里面的 3306 端口映射出来，否则虚拟机外，可能无法访问，

创建 docker 镜像

docker run -itd -p 3306:3306 --name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=qq123456 mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci --init-connect='SET NAMES UTF8MB4;' --sql-mode="NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION" --innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit=0 查询数据库当前编码

SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE  'character_set_%'  OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';
SET NAMES utf8mb4;

SET character_set_client = utf8mb4;
SET character_set_results = utf8mb4;
SET character_set_connection = utf8mb4;

##
SET character_set_server = utf8mb4;
SET character_set_system = utf8mb4;
SET collation_server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci; 修改数据库配置文件

</details>
在[client]段增加下面代码
default-character-set=utf8mb4
在[mysqld]段增加下面的代码
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci 

Create DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS hexo default charset utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;

创建数据库（访问时，使用外部的用户名，密码）

数据库密码，不能数字开头

docker compose 配置文件

# mysql-db:
mysql_db:
  image: mysql:5.7
  volumes:
    - /_share/master_db:/var/lib/mysql
  environment:
    - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=password
    - MYSQL_DATABASE=dbname
  ports:
    - "3399:3306"
  command: mysqld --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci --init-connect='SET NAMES UTF8MB4;' --sql-mode="NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION" --innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit=0
  expose:
    - "3306"
    - "3399"

grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'qq123456' with grant option;
flush privileges;

grant all privileges on . to ‘danielyu’@’%’
with grant option;

create database blog-db;