首先我们说明一下ORM是什么。

微软官方提供的ORM工具，ORM让开发人员节省数据库访问的代码时间，将更多的时间放到业务逻辑层代码上。开发人员使用Linq语言，对数据库操作如同操作Object对象

一样省事。EF有三种使用场景，1. 从数据库生成Class，2.由实体类生成数据库表结构，3.通过数据库可视化设计器设计数据库，同时生成实体类。

ORM (对象关系型映射)是将数据存储从域对象自动映射到关系型数据库的工具。ORM主要包括3个部分：域对象、关系数据库对象、映射关系。ORM使类提供自动化CRUD，使

开发人员从数据库API和SQL中解放出来。以前是使用ADO.NET来进行对数据库中得数据表进行操作，现在，使用ORM直接对对象进行操作，操作对象就等于操作数据库表，

那怎么让对象和数据库表一一对应起来？这个过程就是通过ORM框架来完成的，操作对象就是操作数据库也是通过ORM来完成的。ORM框架就是做对象和数据库的映射的。

那么EntityFramework的作用是什么？

我的理解就是大大简化数据库操作的，举个例子：在没有使用EF前，我们要编写复杂的SQL语句，而使用了EF之后，将会减少编写复杂的SQL语句过程。

最终都是转化为SQL语句来执行。

下面说一下EF的使用，新建一个解决方案，添加一个项目EntifyFrameWork----->在项目下添加一个ADO.NET实体数据模型

然后选择一个数据库，测试连接没有问题后就可以了。

生成这样四个文件

数据库中的表就全部生成了

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// // 此代码是根据模板生成的。 // // 手动更改此文件可能会导致应用程序中发生异常行为。 // 如果重新生成代码，则将覆盖对此文件的手动更改。 //
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

namespace EntityFrameWork
{
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public partial class Admins  
{  
    public int LoginId { get; set; }  
    public string LoginPwd { get; set; }  
    public string AdminName { get; set; }  
}  

}

……

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// // 此代码是根据模板生成的。 // // 手动更改此文件可能会导致应用程序中发生异常行为。 // 如果重新生成代码，则将覆盖对此文件的手动更改。 //
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

namespace EFDBDemo
{
using System;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure;

public partial class EFDBEntities : DbContext  
{  
    public EFDBEntities()  
        : base("name=EFDBEntities")  
    {  
    }  
    protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)  
    {  
        throw new UnintentionalCodeFirstException();  
    }

    public DbSet<Admins> Admins { get; set; }  
    public DbSet<ScoreList> ScoreList { get; set; }  
    public DbSet<StudentClass> StudentClass { get; set; }  
    public DbSet<Students> Students { get; set; }  
}  

}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace EFDBDemo
{
class Program
{
#region EF的基本使用
//查询
static void Main(string[] args)
{
EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();
Students objStudent = efdb.Students.SingleOrDefault(s => s.StudentName == "冯小强");
if (objStudent != null)
{
Console.WriteLine(objStudent.StudentId + " " + objStudent.StudentName);
}
//用where()方法查询符合条件的数据
IQueryable query = efdb.Students.Where(s => s.StudentId > 100002);
Console.WriteLine("学号\t姓名\t年龄");
foreach (var item in query)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1}\t{2}", item.StudentId, item.StudentName, item.Age);
}
Console.ReadKey();
}

    //添加  
    static void test01(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        efdb.Students.Add(new Students()  
        {  
            StudentAddress = "北京海淀区28号",  
            StudentName = "白富美",  
            StudentIdNo = 130223199210111213,  
            ClassId = 1,  
            Gender = "女",  
            Birthday = Convert.ToDateTime("1992-10-11"),  
            Age = 24,  
            PhoneNumber = "010-55662233"  
        });  
        int result = efdb.SaveChanges();  
        if (result == 1)  
            Console.WriteLine("添加成功！");  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }  
    //修改  
    static void test02(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();

        Students objStudent = efdb.Students.FirstOrDefault(s => s.StudentId == 100006);  
        objStudent.StudentAddress = "北京昭阳区";  
        objStudent.PhoneNumber = "13600000000";  
        int result = efdb.SaveChanges();

        if (result == 1)  
            Console.WriteLine("修改成功！");  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }  
    //删除  
    static void test03(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();

        Students objStudent = efdb.Students.FirstOrDefault(s => s.StudentId == 100010);  
        efdb.Students.Remove(objStudent);//从集合中删除学员对象  
        int result = efdb.SaveChanges();

        if (result == 1)  
            Console.WriteLine("删除成功！");  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    #endregion

    #region Linq to Object

    //Linq to 字符串  
    static void test04(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        string strTest = "we are studying linq to object";  
        //定义查询表达式  
        var query = from c in strTest  
                    select c;  
        //遍历查询结果并输出  
        foreach (char ch in query)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine(ch);  
        }  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    //Linq to List<T>  
    static void test05(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        List<Students> students = new List<Students>  
        {  
             new Students(){ StudentName="张浩明",Gender="男",Birthday=DateTime.Parse("1990-09-10")},  
             new Students(){ StudentName="李晓燕",Gender="女",Birthday=DateTime.Parse("1992-03-12")},  
             new Students(){ StudentName="郝云霄",Gender="女",Birthday=DateTime.Parse("1991-09-15") }  
        };  
        var stuList = from s in students where s.Gender == "女" select s;  
        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine(item.StudentName);  
        }  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    //查询语句和查询方法对比  
    static void test06(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        string strTest = "We are studying Linq To Object";

        //var query = from c in strTest  
        //            where char.IsUpper(c)  
        //            select c;

        var query = strTest.Where(c => char.IsUpper(c));

        foreach (char ch in query)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine(ch);  
        }  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }  
    static void test07(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        List<Students> students = new List<Students>  
            {  
                 new Students(){ StudentName="张浩明",Gender="男",Age=21},  
                 new Students(){ StudentName="李晓燕",Gender="女",Age=23},  
                 new Students(){ StudentName="张云霄",Gender="男",Age=20}  
            };  
        //查询姓张的男学生，并且按年龄升序排列  
        var stuList = from stu in students  
                      where stu.StudentName.StartsWith("张") && stu.Gender == "男"  
                      orderby stu.Age ascending  
                      select stu;  
        //var stuList = students.Where(stu => stu.StudentName.StartsWith("张")  
        //    && stu.Gender == "男")  
        //    .OrderBy(stu => stu.Age);

        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine(item.StudentName + "\\t" + item.Age);  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }  
    //查询方法和查询语句综合使用  
    static void test08(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        List<Students> students = new List<Students>  
        {  
             new Students(){ StudentName="张浩明",Gender="男",Birthday=DateTime.Parse("1990-09-10")},  
             new Students(){ StudentName="李晓燕",Gender="女",Birthday=DateTime.Parse("1992-03-12")}//,  
            // new Students(){ StudentName="郝云霄",Gender="女",Birthday=DateTime.Parse("1991-09-15") }  
        };  
        //获取集合中“第一个”对象  
        Students objStudent = (from s in students select s).FirstOrDefault();  
        //输出第一个对象张浩明  
        Console.WriteLine(objStudent.StudentName);

        //删除一个对象  
        students.Remove(objStudent);  
        //获取集合中“唯一的”对象  
        objStudent = (from s in students select s).SingleOrDefault();  
        //输出唯一对象  
        Console.WriteLine(objStudent.StudentName);  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    #endregion

    #region 使用Linq to Entities查询数据

    static void test09(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        var query = from s in efdb.Students  
                    where s.StudentId == 100002  
                    select s;  
        Console.WriteLine("学号\\t姓名\\t年龄");  
        foreach (var item in query)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\\t{1}\\t{2}", item.StudentId, item.StudentName, item.Age);  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    //从Linq to Objects 到 Linq to Entitis  
    static void test10(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        //查询姓张的男学生，并且按年龄升序排列  
        var stuList = from stu in efdb.Students  
                      where stu.StudentName.StartsWith("张") && stu.Gender == "男"  
                      && stu.Birthday > Convert.ToDateTime("1990-01-01")  
                      orderby stu.Age ascending  
                      select stu;  
        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine(item.StudentId + "\\t" + item.StudentName + "\\t" + item.Age);  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    static void test11(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        DateTime birthday = Convert.ToDateTime("1990-01-01");  
        //查询姓张的男学生，并且按年龄升序排列  
        var stuList = from stu in efdb.Students  
                      where stu.StudentName.StartsWith("张") && stu.Gender == "男"  
                      && stu.Birthday > birthday  
                      orderby stu.Age ascending  
                      select stu;  
        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine(item.StudentId + "\\t" + item.StudentName + "\\t" + item.Age);  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    //单表查询和数据投影  
    static void test12(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        var stuList = from stu in efdb.Students  
                      where stu.StudentName.Contains("小")  
                      orderby stu.Age descending  
                      select new { stu.StudentId, stu.StudentName, stu.StudentIdNo, stu.Gender, stu.Age };

        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine(item.StudentId + "\\t" + item.StudentName + "\\t" + item.Age);  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    //使用Find方法实现简单查询  
    static void test13(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();

        Students objStudent = efdb.Students.Find(100005);

        Console.WriteLine(objStudent.StudentId + "\\t" +  
            objStudent.StudentName + "\\t" + objStudent.Age);  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    // 使用 “导航属性” 查询多表的数据  
    static void test14(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();

        var stuList = from s in efdb.Students  
                      where s.Age > 22  
                      select new { s.StudentName, s.Age, s.StudentClass.ClassName };

        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine(item.StudentName + "\\t" + item.Age + "\\t" + item.ClassName);  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    static void test15(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        var stuList = from score in efdb.ScoreList  
                      select new  
                      {  
                          score.StudentId,  
                          score.SQLServerDB,  
                          score.Students.StudentName,  
                          score.Students.StudentClass.ClassName  
                      };  
        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\\t{1}\\t{2}\\t{3}",  
               item.StudentId, item.StudentName, item.SQLServerDB,  
               item.ClassName);  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    //join联接查询  
    static void test16(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();

        var stuList = from score in efdb.ScoreList  
                      join s in efdb.Students on score.StudentId equals s.StudentId  
                      join c in efdb.StudentClass on s.ClassId equals c.ClassId  
                      where s.Gender == "男"  
                      select new { s.StudentId, s.StudentName, score.SQLServerDB, c.ClassName };

        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\\t{1}\\t{2}\\t{3}",  
                item.StudentId,  
                item.StudentName,  
                item.SQLServerDB,  
                item.ClassName);  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    //嵌套查询  
    static void test17(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        //查询班级编号为1的学员  
        var query = from s in efdb.Students  
                    where s.ClassId == 1 || s.ClassId == 2  
                    select new { s.StudentClass.ClassName, s.StudentName, s.StudentId };  
        //在上一个查询基础上查询年龄大于22的学员  
        var subQuery = from s in (query) where s.StudentId > 100002 select s;  
        //执行查询  
        var stuList = subQuery.ToList();  
        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\\t{1}\\t{2}",  
                item.StudentId,  
                item.StudentName,  
                item.ClassName);  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }  
    //子查询  
    static void test18(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        //使用子查询  
        var subQuery = from s in  
                           (from s in efdb.Students  
                            where s.ClassId == 1 || s.ClassId == 2  
                            select new { s.StudentClass.ClassName, s.StudentName, s.StudentId })  
                       where s.StudentId > 100002  
                       select s;  
        //执行查询  
        var stuList = subQuery.ToList();

        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\\t{1}\\t{2}",  
                item.StudentId,  
                item.StudentName,  
                item.ClassName);  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    //在select子句中使用子查询  
    static void test19(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        var query = from s in efdb.Students  
                    select new  
                    {  
                        Name = s.StudentName,  
                        Subject = from score in s.ScoreList  
                                  select new { sql = score.SQLServerDB, cs = score.CSharp }  
                    };

        //执行查询  
        var stuList = query.ToList();  
        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.Write(item.Name);  
            foreach (var s in item.Subject)  
            {  
                Console.Write("\\t{0},{1}", s.sql, s.cs);  
            }  
            Console.WriteLine();  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    //聚合查询  
    static void test20(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();

        //计算所有的学生总数  
        var query = from s in efdb.Students select s;  
        int stuCount = query.Count();  
        Console.WriteLine("学生总数：" + stuCount);

        //计算参考考试的学生考试总分  
        var scoreQuery = from s in efdb.Students  
                         where s.ScoreList.Count() > 0//参加考试的学生  
                         select new  
                         {  
                             Name = s.StudentName,  
                             Total = (from score in s.ScoreList  
                                      select (score.SQLServerDB + score.CSharp)).Sum()  
                         };

        foreach (var item in scoreQuery)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\\t{1}", item.Name, item.Total);  
        }  
        Console.ReadKey();  
        }  
    #endregion

    #region 处理关联数据

    //添加对象的同时关联实体操作  
    static void test20(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        Students stu = new Students()  
        {  
            StudentAddress = "北京海淀区",  
            StudentName = "王慧慧",  
            StudentIdNo = 130223198910121213,  
            Gender = "男",  
            Birthday = Convert.ToDateTime("1990-10-12"),  
            Age = 25,  
            PhoneNumber = "010-88996655",  
            ClassId = (from c in efdb.StudentClass where c.ClassName.Equals("软件1班") select c.ClassId).SingleOrDefault(),  
        };  
        efdb.Students.Add(stu);  
        Console.WriteLine(efdb.SaveChanges());  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    //通过嵌套查询获取外键对象的值  
        static void test21(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();

        Students stu = new Students()  
        {  
            StudentAddress = "北京海淀区",  
            StudentName = "李慧慧",  
            StudentIdNo = 130223198910131213,  
            Gender = "女",  
            Birthday = Convert.ToDateTime("1990-10-13"),  
            Age = 26,  
            PhoneNumber = "010-88996699"  
        };

        //查询班级实体，然后使用导航数据添加数据  
        (from c in efdb.StudentClass where c.ClassName.Equals("软件2班") select c).SingleOrDefault().Students.Add(stu);

        efdb.Students.Add(stu);  
        Console.WriteLine(efdb.SaveChanges());  
        Console.ReadKey();  
    }

    //级联删除  
        static void test22(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();

        //找到软件2班  
        var stuClass = (from c in efdb.StudentClass where c.ClassId == 2 select c).SingleOrDefault();

        //删除软件2班的学生  
        for (int i = 0; i < stuClass.Students.Count; i++)  
        {  
            efdb.Students.Remove(stuClass.Students.FirstOrDefault());  
        }  
        //删除软件2班  
        efdb.StudentClass.Remove(stuClass);  
        Console.WriteLine(efdb.SaveChanges());  
        Console.ReadKey();

        //efdb.Set<Students>().Attach(stu);  
        //  efdb.Entry<Students>(stu).State = EntityState.Deleted;

    }

    #endregion

    #region 状态跟踪与管理

    static void test23(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        var stuList = from stu in efdb.Students  
                      where stu.StudentId > 100002  
                      select stu;  
        string sql = stuList.ToString();  
        Console.WriteLine(sql);  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }  
    static void test24(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        int stuId = 100002;  
        var stuList = from stu in efdb.Students  
                      where stu.StudentId > stuId  
                      select stu;  
        string sql = stuList.ToString();  
        Console.WriteLine(sql);  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }  
    //状态跟踪  
    static void test25(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();

        StudentClass stuClass = new StudentClass() { ClassId = 10, ClassName = "软件10班" };  
        Console.WriteLine(efdb.Entry(stuClass).State.ToString());   //输出当前对象的状态

        efdb.StudentClass.Add(stuClass);  
        Console.WriteLine(efdb.Entry(stuClass).State.ToString());

        efdb.SaveChanges();  
        Console.WriteLine(efdb.Entry(stuClass).State.ToString());

        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    //无状态跟踪  
    static void test26(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();

        //状态跟踪查询  
        var stu1 = (from s in efdb.Students select s).FirstOrDefault();  
        Console.WriteLine(efdb.Entry(stu1).State.ToString());

        //无状态跟踪查询  
        var stu2 = efdb.Students.AsNoTracking().Select(s => s).FirstOrDefault();  
        Console.WriteLine(efdb.Entry(stu2).State.ToString());  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    //关闭状态管理  
    static void test27(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();

        efdb.Configuration.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = false;//禁用

        for (int i = 20; i < 25; i++)  
        {  
            StudentClass stuClass = new StudentClass() { ClassId = i, ClassName = string.Format("软件{0}班", i) };  
            efdb.StudentClass.Add(stuClass);  
        }  
        Console.WriteLine(efdb.SaveChanges());

        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    #endregion

    #region EF优化后： 基于Linq查询的CRUD

    //添加  
    static void test28(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        Students stu = new Students()  
        {  
            StudentAddress = "天津南开区狮子林大街28号",  
            StudentName = "李超阳",  
            StudentIdNo = 130223198910111213,  
            ClassId = 2,  
            Gender = "男",  
            Birthday = Convert.ToDateTime("1990-10-11"),  
            Age = 24,  
            PhoneNumber = "022-55662232"  
        };

        using (EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities())  
        {  
            efdb.Entry<Students>(stu).State = EntityState.Added;//显示告诉变化  
                                                                // efdb.Students.Add(stu);  
            Console.WriteLine(efdb.SaveChanges());  
        }

        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    static void test29(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        Students stu = new Students()  
        {  
            StudentAddress = "天津南开区狮子林大街29号",  
            StudentName = "王超阳",  
            StudentIdNo = 130223198911111219,  
            ClassId = 1,  
            Gender = "男",  
            Birthday = Convert.ToDateTime("1990-11-19"),  
            Age = 28,  
            PhoneNumber = "022-5566888888"  
        };  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    //修改  
    static void test30(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        Students stu = new Students()  
        {  
            StudentAddress = "2222",  
            StudentName = "2222",  
            StudentIdNo = 130223198910111222,  
            ClassId = 2,  
            Gender = "男",  
            Birthday = Convert.ToDateTime("1990-10-11"),  
            Age = 24,  
            PhoneNumber = "88888888",  
            StudentId = 100007//注意：这个应该改成你数据库的具体值  
        };  
        using (EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities())  
        {  
            efdb.Entry<Students>(stu).State = EntityState.Modified;//显示告诉变化  
            Console.WriteLine(efdb.SaveChanges());  
        }

        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    //删除  
    static void test30(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        Students stu = new Students()  
        {  
            StudentId = 100019 //根据主键删除  
        };  
        using (EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities())  
        {  
            efdb.Set<Students>().Attach(stu);//将给定实体添加到上下文  
            efdb.Entry<Students>(stu).State = EntityState.Deleted;  
            Console.WriteLine(efdb.SaveChanges());  
        };  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    static void test31(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        Students stu = new Students()  
        {  
            StudentId = 100012 //根据主键删除  
        };  
        using (EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities())  
        {  
            efdb.Set<Students>().Attach(stu);  
            efdb.Students.Remove(stu);  
            efdb.SaveChanges();  
        };  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    //查询  
    static void test32(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities();  
        var stuList = from stu in efdb.Students  
                      where stu.StudentId > 100002  
                      select stu;

        foreach (var item in stuList)  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine(item.StudentId + "\\t" + item.StudentName);  
        }  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    //使用缓存  
    static void test33(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        using (EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities())  
        {  
            var stuList = from stu in efdb.Students select stu;  
            foreach (var item in stuList)  
            {  
                Console.WriteLine(item.StudentId + "\\t" + item.StudentName);  
            }

            //查询学生总数  
            // Console.WriteLine("学生总数：{0}", efdb.Students.Count());

            //使用缓存查询学生总数  
            Console.WriteLine("学生总数：{0}", efdb.Students.Local.Count());

            Console.ReadLine();  
        }  
    }  
    #endregion

    #region 从实体框架回归到SQL  
    static void test34(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        string sql1 = "update Students set StudentName='张新宇' where StudentId=100002";  
        string sql2 = "update Students set StudentName=@StudentName where StudentId=@StudentId";  
        SqlParameter\[\] param = new SqlParameter\[\]  
        {  
             new SqlParameter("@StudentName","刘莉"),  new SqlParameter("@StudentId",100004)  
        };

        using (EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities())  
        {  
            int result1 = efdb.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(sql1);  
            int result2 = efdb.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(sql2, param);  
            Console.WriteLine(result1 + "    " + result2);  
        }

        Console.ReadLine();  
    }

    static void test35(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        string sql1 = "select count(\*) from Students";  
        string sql2 = "select \* from Students where Gender=@Gender";  
        SqlParameter\[\] param = new SqlParameter\[\]  
        {  
             new SqlParameter("@Gender","男")  
        };

        using (EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities())  
        {

            int stuCount = efdb.Database.SqlQuery<int>(sql1).ToList()\[0\];  
            var stuList = efdb.Database.SqlQuery<Students>(sql2, param);

            Console.WriteLine("学生总数：" + stuCount);  
            foreach (var stu in stuList)  
            {  
                Console.WriteLine("{0}\\t{1}\\t{2}", stu.StudentId, stu.StudentName, stu.Age);  
            }  
        };  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }  
    //调用存储过程  
    static void test36(string\[\] args)  
    {  
        SqlParameter\[\] param1 = new SqlParameter\[\]  
        {  
             new SqlParameter("@StudentName","王大彪"),  new SqlParameter("@StudentId",100004)  
        };  
        SqlParameter\[\] param2 = new SqlParameter\[\]  
        {  
             new SqlParameter("@ClassId",1)  
        };  
        using (EFDBEntities efdb = new EFDBEntities())  
        {  
            int result = efdb.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand("execute usp\_updateStu @StudentName,@StudentId", param1);  
            var stuList = efdb.Database.SqlQuery<Students>("execute usp\_selectStu @ClassId", param2);  
            Console.WriteLine(result);  
            foreach (var stu in stuList)  
            {  
                Console.WriteLine("{0}\\t{1}\\t{2}", stu.StudentId, stu.StudentName, stu.Age);  
            }  
        };

        Console.ReadLine();  
    }  
    #endregion  
}  

}