SurfaceView 绘制会有独立窗口， TextureView 没有独立的窗口，可以像普通的 View 一样，更高效更方便

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private TextureView textureView;
private String TAG = "测试";
private HandlerThread mThreadHandler;
private Handler mHandler;

private CaptureRequest.Builder mPreviewBuilder;

@Override  
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
    setContentView(R.layout.activity\_main);  
    mThreadHandler = new HandlerThread("CAMERA2");  
    mThreadHandler.start();  
    mHandler = new Handler(mThreadHandler.getLooper());  
    textureView = (TextureView) findViewById(R.id.tv);  
    textureView.setSurfaceTextureListener(textureListener);  
}

private TextureView.SurfaceTextureListener textureListener = new TextureView.SurfaceTextureListener() {  
    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION\_CODES.LOLLIPOP)  
    @Override  
    public void onSurfaceTextureAvailable(SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture, int i, int i1) {  
        Log.e(TAG, "可用");  
        //CameraManaer 摄像头管理器，用于检测摄像头，打开系统摄像头  
        CameraManager cameraManager = (CameraManager) getSystemService(CAMERA\_SERVICE);  
        try {  
            String\[\] CameraIdList = cameraManager.getCameraIdList();//获取可用相机列表  
            Log.e(TAG, "可用相机的个数是:" + CameraIdList.length);  
            CameraCharacteristics cameraCharacteristics = cameraManager.getCameraCharacteristics(CameraIdList\[0\]);//获取某个相机(摄像头特性)  
            cameraCharacteristics.get(CameraCharacteristics.INFO\_SUPPORTED\_HARDWARE\_LEVEL);//检查支持

            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(getApplicationContext(), Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION\_GRANTED) {  
                return;  
            }  
            cameraManager.openCamera(CameraIdList\[0\], mCameraDeviceStateCallback, mHandler);  
                } catch (CameraAccessException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                }

            }

            @Override  
            public void onSurfaceTextureSizeChanged(SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture, int i, int i1) {  
                Log.e(TAG,"改变");  
            }

            @Override  
            public boolean onSurfaceTextureDestroyed(SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture) {  
                Log.e(TAG,"释放");  
                return false;  
            }

            @Override  
            public void onSurfaceTextureUpdated(SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture) {  
                Log.e(TAG,"更新");  
            }  
        };

        //CameraDeviceandroid.hardware.Camera也就是Camera1的Camera  
        private CameraDevice.StateCallback mCameraDeviceStateCallback = new CameraDevice.StateCallback() {  
            @Override  
            public void onOpened(CameraDevice camera) {  
                try {  
                    startPreview(camera);  
                } catch (CameraAccessException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                }  
            }

            @Override  
            public void onDisconnected(CameraDevice camera) {

            }

            @Override  
            public void onError(CameraDevice camera, int error) {

            }  
        };

        /\*\*  
         \* @param camera  
         \* @throws CameraAccessException  
         \* 开始预览  
         \*/  
        private void startPreview(CameraDevice camera) throws CameraAccessException {  
            SurfaceTexture texture = textureView.getSurfaceTexture();  
            texture.setDefaultBufferSize(textureView.getWidth(), textureView.getHeight());  
            Surface surface = new Surface(texture);  
            try {  
                //CameraRequest表示一次捕获请求，用来对z照片的各种参数设置，比如对焦模式、曝光模式等。CameraRequest.Builder用来生成CameraRequest对象  
                mPreviewBuilder = camera.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE\_STILL\_CAPTURE);

            } catch (CameraAccessException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
            mPreviewBuilder.addTarget(surface);  
            camera.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(surface), mSessionStateCallback, mHandler);  
        }

        //CameraCaptureSession 这个对象控制摄像头的预览或者拍照  
        //setRepeatingRequest()开启预览，capture()拍照  
        //StateCallback监听CameraCaptureSession的创建  
        private CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback mSessionStateCallback = new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() {  
            @Override  
            public void onConfigured(CameraCaptureSession session) {  
                Log.e(TAG,"相机创建成功！");  
                try {  
                    session.capture(mPreviewBuilder.build(), mSessionCaptureCallback, mHandler);//拍照  
                    session.setRepeatingRequest(mPreviewBuilder.build(), mSessionCaptureCallback, mHandler);//返回结果  
                } catch (CameraAccessException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                    Log.e(TAG,"这里异常");  
                }  
            }

            @Override  
            public void onConfigureFailed(CameraCaptureSession session) {  
                Log.e(TAG,"相机创建失败！");  
            }  
        };

        //CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback监听拍照过程  
        private CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback mSessionCaptureCallback = new CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback() {

            @Override  
            public void onCaptureCompleted(CameraCaptureSession session, CaptureRequest request, TotalCaptureResult result) {  
                Log.e(TAG,"这里接受到数据"+result.toString());  
            }

            @Override  
            public void onCaptureProgressed(CameraCaptureSession session, CaptureRequest request, CaptureResult partialResult){

            }};  
    }