关于 startup_stm32f10x_hd.s 这个文件的一些说明
关于 startup_stm32f10x_hd.s 这个文件的一些说明
startup_stm32f10x_hd.s 是一个启动文件，里面是使用汇编语言写好的基本程序，当STM32 芯片上电启动的时候，受限会执行这里的汇编程序，从而建立起来C 语言的运行环境，所以我们把这个文件称为启动文件。改文件使用的汇编指令是 Cortex-M3 内核支持的指令，可以参考《Cortex-M3 权威指南中文》内指令集章节。
startup_stm32f10x_hd.s 文件是由ST官方提供的，该文件可以从KEIL5 安装目录中找到，也可以从ST库里面找到，找到该文件后吧启动文件添加到工程里面即可。不同型号的芯片以及不同编译环境使用的汇编文件是不一样的，但功能相同。
对于启动文件部分，我们主要总结功能，主要功能如下：
- 初始化堆栈指针 SP
- 初始化程序计数器指针 PC
- 设置堆、栈的大小
- 设置中断向量表的入口地址
- 配置外部 SRAM 作为数据存储器
- 调用 SystemInit() 函数配置 STM32 的系统时钟
- 设置 C 库的分支入口 "__main” (最终用来调用 main 函数)
Reset_Hander
; Reset handler ; 汇编里面注释用的是";"，相当于 C 语言的 “//” 注释符
Reset_Handler PROC ;PROC 是子程序定义伪指令。这里相当于 C 语言定义了一个函数为 Reset_Handler
EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK] ;EXPORT 表示 Reset_Handler 这个子程序可供其他模块调用，相当于C的函数声明;[WEAK]表示弱定义
IMPORT __main ;IMPORT 说明 __main 这个标号在其他文件，在链接时候需去其他文件中寻找。相当于c中引入函数声明
IMPORT SystemInit
LDR R0, =SystemInit ;把 SystemInit 的地址加载到寄存器 R0 中
BLX R0 ;程序跳转到 R0 中地址执行程序，即执行 SystemInit 函数内容
LDR R0, =__main ;把 __main 的地址加载到寄存器 R0
BX R0 ;程序跳转到 R0 中地址执行程序，即执行 __main 函数，执行完毕后即可进入 main 函数
ENDP
下面是 startup_stm32f10x_hd.s 源代码
;******************** (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics ********************
;* File Name : startup_stm32f10x_hd.s
;* Author : MCD Application Team
;* Version : V3.5.0
;* Date : -March-
;* Description : STM32F10x High Density Devices vector table for MDK-ARM
;* toolchain.
;* This module performs:
;* - Set the initial SP
;* - Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler
;* - Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address
;* - Configure the clock system and also configure the external
;* SRAM mounted on STM3210E-EVAL board to be used as data
;* memory (optional, to be enabled by user)
;* - Branches to __main in the C library (which eventually
;* calls main()).
;* After Reset the CortexM3 processor is in Thread mode,
;* priority is Privileged, and the Stack is set to Main.
;* <<< Use Configuration Wizard in Context Menu >>>
;*******************************************************************************
; THE PRESENT FIRMWARE WHICH IS FOR GUIDANCE ONLY AIMS AT PROVIDING CUSTOMERS
; WITH CODING INFORMATION REGARDING THEIR PRODUCTS IN ORDER FOR THEM TO SAVE TIME.
; AS A RESULT, STMICROELECTRONICS SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
; INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WITH RESPECT TO ANY CLAIMS ARISING FROM THE
; CONTENT OF SUCH FIRMWARE AND/OR THE USE MADE BY CUSTOMERS OF THE CODING
; INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR PRODUCTS.
;*******************************************************************************
; Amount of memory (in bytes) allocated for Stack
; Tailor this value to your application needs
;
Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400
AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN= Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size
__initial_sp
;
Heap_Size EQU 0x00000200
AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN= __heap_base
Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size
__heap_limit
PRESERVE8
THUMB; Vector Table Mapped to Address at Reset
AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY
EXPORT __Vectors
EXPORT __Vectors_End
EXPORT __Vectors_Size
__Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; Top of Stack
DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler
DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler
DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler
DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler
DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler
DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler
DCD ; Reserved
DCD ; Reserved
DCD ; Reserved
DCD ; Reserved
DCD SVC_Handler ; SVCall Handler
DCD DebugMon_Handler ; Debug Monitor Handler
DCD ; Reserved
DCD PendSV_Handler ; PendSV Handler
DCD SysTick_Handler ; SysTick Handler
; External Interrupts
DCD WWDG\_IRQHandler ; Window Watchdog
DCD PVD\_IRQHandler ; PVD through EXTI Line detect
DCD TAMPER\_IRQHandler ; Tamper
DCD RTC\_IRQHandler ; RTC
DCD FLASH\_IRQHandler ; Flash
DCD RCC\_IRQHandler ; RCC
DCD EXTI0\_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line
DCD EXTI1\_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line
DCD EXTI2\_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line
DCD EXTI3\_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line
DCD EXTI4\_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line
DCD DMA1\_Channel1\_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel
DCD DMA1\_Channel2\_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel
DCD DMA1\_Channel3\_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel
DCD DMA1\_Channel4\_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel
DCD DMA1\_Channel5\_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel
DCD DMA1\_Channel6\_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel
DCD DMA1\_Channel7\_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel
DCD ADC1\_2\_IRQHandler ; ADC1 & ADC2
DCD USB\_HP\_CAN1\_TX\_IRQHandler ; USB High Priority or CAN1 TX
DCD USB\_LP\_CAN1\_RX0\_IRQHandler ; USB Low Priority or CAN1 RX0
DCD CAN1\_RX1\_IRQHandler ; CAN1 RX1
DCD CAN1\_SCE\_IRQHandler ; CAN1 SCE
DCD EXTI9\_5\_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line ..
DCD TIM1\_BRK\_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Break
DCD TIM1\_UP\_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Update
DCD TIM1\_TRG\_COM\_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Trigger and Commutation
DCD TIM1\_CC\_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Capture Compare
DCD TIM2\_IRQHandler ; TIM2
DCD TIM3\_IRQHandler ; TIM3
DCD TIM4\_IRQHandler ; TIM4
DCD I2C1\_EV\_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Event
DCD I2C1\_ER\_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Error
DCD I2C2\_EV\_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Event
DCD I2C2\_ER\_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Error
DCD SPI1\_IRQHandler ; SPI1
DCD SPI2\_IRQHandler ; SPI2
DCD USART1\_IRQHandler ; USART1
DCD USART2\_IRQHandler ; USART2
DCD USART3\_IRQHandler ; USART3
DCD EXTI15\_10\_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line ..
DCD RTCAlarm\_IRQHandler ; RTC Alarm through EXTI Line
DCD USBWakeUp\_IRQHandler ; USB Wakeup from suspend
DCD TIM8\_BRK\_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Break
DCD TIM8\_UP\_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Update
DCD TIM8\_TRG\_COM\_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Trigger and Commutation
DCD TIM8\_CC\_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Capture Compare
DCD ADC3\_IRQHandler ; ADC3
DCD FSMC\_IRQHandler ; FSMC
DCD SDIO\_IRQHandler ; SDIO
DCD TIM5\_IRQHandler ; TIM5
DCD SPI3\_IRQHandler ; SPI3
DCD UART4\_IRQHandler ; UART4
DCD UART5\_IRQHandler ; UART5
DCD TIM6\_IRQHandler ; TIM6
DCD TIM7\_IRQHandler ; TIM7
DCD DMA2\_Channel1\_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel1
DCD DMA2\_Channel2\_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel2
DCD DMA2\_Channel3\_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel3
DCD DMA2\_Channel4\_5\_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel4 & Channel5 __Vectors_End
__Vectors_Size EQU __Vectors_End - __Vectors
AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY; Reset handler
Reset_Handler PROC
EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK]
IMPORT __main
IMPORT SystemInit
LDR R0, =SystemInit
BLX R0
LDR R0, =__main
BX R0
ENDP
; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)
NMI_Handler PROC
EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
HardFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
MemManage_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
BusFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT BusFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
UsageFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT UsageFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SVC_Handler PROC
EXPORT SVC_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
DebugMon_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT DebugMon_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
PendSV_Handler PROC
EXPORT PendSV_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SysTick_Handler PROC
EXPORT SysTick_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
Default_Handler PROC
EXPORT WWDG\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT PVD\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TAMPER\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT RTC\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT FLASH\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT RCC\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT EXTI0\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT EXTI1\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT EXTI2\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT EXTI3\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT EXTI4\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT DMA1\_Channel1\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT DMA1\_Channel2\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT DMA1\_Channel3\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT DMA1\_Channel4\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT DMA1\_Channel5\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT DMA1\_Channel6\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT DMA1\_Channel7\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT ADC1\_2\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT USB\_HP\_CAN1\_TX\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT USB\_LP\_CAN1\_RX0\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT CAN1\_RX1\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT CAN1\_SCE\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT EXTI9\_5\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM1\_BRK\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM1\_UP\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM1\_TRG\_COM\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM1\_CC\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM2\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM3\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM4\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT I2C1\_EV\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT I2C1\_ER\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT I2C2\_EV\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT I2C2\_ER\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT SPI1\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT SPI2\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT USART1\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT USART2\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT USART3\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT EXTI15\_10\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT RTCAlarm\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT USBWakeUp\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM8\_BRK\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM8\_UP\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM8\_TRG\_COM\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM8\_CC\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT ADC3\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT FSMC\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT SDIO\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM5\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT SPI3\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT UART4\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT UART5\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM6\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT TIM7\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT DMA2\_Channel1\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT DMA2\_Channel2\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT DMA2\_Channel3\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]
EXPORT DMA2\_Channel4\_5\_IRQHandler \[WEAK\]WWDG_IRQHandler
PVD_IRQHandler
TAMPER_IRQHandler
RTC_IRQHandler
FLASH_IRQHandler
RCC_IRQHandler
EXTI0_IRQHandler
EXTI1_IRQHandler
EXTI2_IRQHandler
EXTI3_IRQHandler
EXTI4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler
ADC1_2_IRQHandler
USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler
USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler
CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler
CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler
EXTI9_5_IRQHandler
TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler
TIM1_UP_IRQHandler
TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
TIM1_CC_IRQHandler
TIM2_IRQHandler
TIM3_IRQHandler
TIM4_IRQHandler
I2C1_EV_IRQHandler
I2C1_ER_IRQHandler
I2C2_EV_IRQHandler
I2C2_ER_IRQHandler
SPI1_IRQHandler
SPI2_IRQHandler
USART1_IRQHandler
USART2_IRQHandler
USART3_IRQHandler
EXTI15_10_IRQHandler
RTCAlarm_IRQHandler
USBWakeUp_IRQHandler
TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler
TIM8_UP_IRQHandler
TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
TIM8_CC_IRQHandler
ADC3_IRQHandler
FSMC_IRQHandler
SDIO_IRQHandler
TIM5_IRQHandler
SPI3_IRQHandler
UART4_IRQHandler
UART5_IRQHandler
TIM6_IRQHandler
TIM7_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler
B .
ENDP
ALIGN;*******************************************************************************
; User Stack and Heap initialization
;*******************************************************************************
IF :DEF:__MICROLIB
EXPORT \_\_initial\_sp
EXPORT \_\_heap\_base
EXPORT \_\_heap\_limit
ELSE
IMPORT \_\_use\_two\_region\_memory
EXPORT \_\_user\_initial\_stackheap__user_initial_stackheap
LDR R0, = Heap\_Mem
LDR R1, =(Stack\_Mem + Stack\_Size)
LDR R2, = (Heap\_Mem + Heap\_Size)
LDR R3, = Stack\_Mem
BX LR
ALIGN
ENDIF
END;******************* (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE*****
startup_stm32f10x_hd.s
要操作STM32寄存器，我们就需要使用C 语言对其封装，这部分程序代码都放在 stm32f10x.h
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