作为GIS开发者而言，矢量数据是我们经常要用到的，而shape数据是矢量数据中最常用的格式，因此解析shape数据也是作为GIS软件开发人员必备的基础技能，而GeoTools无疑是Java最好用来处理GIS数据的三方库，当然这只是GeoTools的冰山一角，后面我也会慢慢的去分享GeoTools的更多用法。

今天就简单来梳理下shape数据的解析获取，环境是maven工程，首先是maven依赖：

http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
4.0.0
org.dudu.liuyang
gis
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT

central aliyun maven https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central false true

osgeo-releases OSGeo Nexus Release Repository https://repo.osgeo.org/repository/release/ false true

osgeo-snapshots OSGeo Nexus Snapshot Repository https://repo.osgeo.org/repository/snapshot/ false true

geosolutions geosolutions repository https://maven.geo-solutions.it/ false true

org.geotools gt-shapefile 25.2

<build>  
    <plugins>  
        <plugin>  
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>  
            <version>2.2.8.RELEASE</version>  
        </plugin>  
    </plugins>  
</build>

下面就是简单的代码操作，其实如果只是简单的读取，就很简单，下面是主要代码。

package gis;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import org.geotools.data.FeatureSource;
import org.geotools.data.Query;
import org.geotools.data.shapefile.ShapefileDataStore;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureCollection;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureIterator;
import org.geotools.geometry.jts.ReferencedEnvelope;
import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeature;
import org.opengis.feature.type.AttributeDescriptor;
import org.opengis.feature.type.GeometryType;
import org.opengis.referencing.crs.CoordinateReferenceSystem;

/**
* shape文件读取
* @author ly
*
*/
public class ShapeFileReaderTest {

private static final String FILE\_PATH = "F:\\\\data\\\\vector\\\\shape\\\\line\\\\xian\_sheng.shp";

public static void main(String\[\] args) {  
    File file = new File(FILE\_PATH);  
    readShapeFile(file);  
}

/\*\*  
 \*  
 \* @param shpFile  传递的是shape文件中的.shp文件  
 \*/  
private static void readShapeFile(File shpFile) {  
    /\*\*  
     \* 直接使用shapefileDatastore,如果不知道，也可以使用工厂模式(见下个方法)  
     \* 建议，如果确定是shape文件，就直使用shapefileDatastore  
     \*/  
    try {  
        ShapefileDataStore shapefileDataStore = new ShapefileDataStore(shpFile.toURI().toURL());  
        //这个typeNamae不传递，默认是文件名称  
        FeatureSource featuresource = shapefileDataStore.getFeatureSource(shapefileDataStore.getTypeNames()\[0\]);  
        //读取bbox  
        ReferencedEnvelope bbox  =featuresource.getBounds();  
        //读取投影  
        CoordinateReferenceSystem crs = featuresource.getSchema().getCoordinateReferenceSystem();  
        //特征总数  
        int count = featuresource.getCount(Query.ALL);  
        //获取当前数据的geometry类型（点、线、面）  
        GeometryType geometryType = featuresource.getSchema().getGeometryDescriptor().getType();  
        //读取要素  
        SimpleFeatureCollection simpleFeatureCollection = (SimpleFeatureCollection) featuresource.getFeatures();  
        //获取当前矢量数据有哪些属性字段值  
        List<AttributeDescriptor> attributes = simpleFeatureCollection.getSchema().getAttributeDescriptors();  
        //  
        SimpleFeatureIterator simpleFeatureIterator = simpleFeatureCollection.features();  
        //  
        while(simpleFeatureIterator.hasNext()) {  
            SimpleFeature simpleFeature = simpleFeatureIterator.next();  
            attributes.stream().forEach((a) -> {  
                //依次读取这个shape中每一个属性值，当然这个属性值，可以处理其它业务  
                System.out.println(simpleFeature.getAttribute(a.getLocalName()));  
            });  
        }  
    } catch (IOException e) {  
        e.printStackTrace();  
    }

}

}

当然GeoTools对于shape数据的操作非常多，除了简单的读取，还有高级的过滤查询，当然这个就需要借助ECSQL(其实在我看来就是sql语句的条件查询，只是用一种标准把它定义了出来)，还有就是对矢量数据的增删改查，这些我都会在后期逐个分享。