测试用到的python文件：

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#conding: utf-8
from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
import json
import sys
import socket

def hostname():
return socket.gethostname()

def ipa():
return socket.gethostbyname(hostname())

data = {hostname(): ipa()}

def httpserver(ipadd='127.0.0.1',sport=8888):
host = (ipadd, sport)
server = HTTPServer(host, Resquest)
server.serve_forever()

class Resquest(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header('Content-type', 'application/json')
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(json.dumps(data).encode())

if len(sys.argv) == 1:
httpserver()
elif len(sys.argv) == 3:
httpserver(sys.argv[1],eval(sys.argv[2]))

方式一

1、方式一所用到的Dockerfile文件

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER "1072051214@qq.com"
COPY CentOS-Base.repo epel.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
RUN yum install python3 net-tools -y && \
yum clean all
COPY ["app.py","/tmp"]

ENTRYPOINT ["python3","/tmp/app.py"]

CMD ["localhost","8888"]

　　在该Dockerfile文件中，ENTRYPOINT中定义了需要在镜像中执行的py文件；而CMD定义了py文件所需要的默认参数；

2、构建镜像

　　在Dockerfile存在的同级目录下放入构建所需的app.py、CentOS-Base.repo、epel.repo文件；

　　在Dockerfile目录下执行构建命令

docker build -t zhang/python:v0.3 ./

3、测试效果

#查看镜像
[root@master dockerfile]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
zhang/python v0.3 ef2f8644ab79 6 hours ago 278 MB

#前台运行，先测试默认值是否生效
[root@master dockerfile]# docker run --rm zhang/python:v0.3

#再开一个终端
[root@master ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cb38dedce26d zhang/python:v0.3 "python3 /tmp/app…." 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes reverent_kowalevski
[root@master ~]# docker exec -it cb38dedce26d /bin/bash
[root@cb38dedce26d /]# netstat -ntl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8888 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

#前台运行，测试传递参数进去是否生效
[root@master dockerfile]# docker run --rm zhang/python:v0.3 172.17.0.3 8080

#再开一个终端
[root@master ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f43e54f80660 zhang/python:v0.3 "python3 /tmp/app…." 24 seconds ago Up 24 seconds laughing_torvalds
[root@master ~]# docker exec -it f43e54f80660 /bin/bash
[root@f43e54f80660 /]# netstat -ntl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 172.17.0.3:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

方式二

1、方式二所用到的Dockerfile文件

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER "1072051214@qq.com"
COPY CentOS-Base.repo epel.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
RUN yum install python3 net-tools -y && \
yum clean all
COPY ["app.py","/tmp"]

ENV HOST="localhost"
ENV PORT="8888"

CMD python3 /tmp/app.py $HOST $PORT

　　在该Dockerfile文件中，用ENV定义变量默认值；用CMD定义要运行的py文件；

2、构建镜像

　　在Dockerfile存在的同级目录下放入构建所需的app.py、CentOS-Base.repo、epel.repo文件；

　　在Dockerfile目录下执行构建命令

docker build -t zhang/python:v0.6 ./

3、测试效果

#查看镜像
[root@master dockerfile]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
zhang/python v0.6 ccb36fd6ad19 2 hours ago 278 MB
zhang/python v0.3 ef2f8644ab79 6 hours ago 278 MB

#前台运行，先测试默认值是否生效
[root@master dockerfile]# docker run --rm zhang/python:v0.6

#再开一个终端
[root@master ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f577e9f651bb zhang/python:v0.6 "/bin/sh -c 'pytho…" About a minute ago Up About a minute nifty_cray
[root@master ~]# docker exec -it f577e9f651bb /bin/bash
[root@f577e9f651bb /]# netstat -ntl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8888 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

#前台运行，测试传递参数进去是否生效(-e和--env都可以)
[root@master dockerfile]# docker run --rm --env HOST=172.17.0.3 --env PORT=8085 zhang/python:v0.6

#再开一个终端
[root@master ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
0c631fd54ad0 zhang/python:v0.6 "/bin/sh -c 'pytho…" 35 seconds ago Up 34 seconds eager_yalow
[root@master ~]# docker exec -it 0c631fd54ad0 /bin/bash
[root@0c631fd54ad0 /]# netstat -ntl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 172.17.0.3:8085 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN