【LeetCode】997. Find the Town Judge 解题报告(C++)
阅读原文时间:2023年07月10日阅读:3

作者: 负雪明烛
id: fuxuemingzhu
个人博客: http://fuxuemingzhu.cn/


目录

题目地址:https://leetcode.com/problems/rotting-oranges/

In a town, there are N people labelled from 1 to N. There is a rumor that one of these people is secretly the town judge.

If the town judge exists, then:

  1. The town judge trusts nobody.
  2. Everybody (except for the town judge) trusts the town judge.
  3. There is exactly one person that satisfies properties 1 and 2.

You are given trust, an array of pairs trust[i] = [a, b] representing that the person labelled a trusts the person labelled b.

If the town judge exists and can be identified, return the label of the town judge. Otherwise, return -1.

Example 1:

Input: N = 2, trust = [[1,2]]
Output: 2

Example 2:

Input: N = 3, trust = [[1,3],[2,3]]
Output: 3

Example 3:

Input: N = 3, trust = [[1,3],[2,3],[3,1]]
Output: -1

Example 4:

Input: N = 3, trust = [[1,2],[2,3]]
Output: -1

Example 5:

Input: N = 4, trust = [[1,3],[1,4],[2,3],[2,4],[4,3]]
Output: 3

Note:

  1. 1 <= N <= 1000
  2. trust.length <= 10000
  3. trust[i] are all different
  4. trust[i][0] != trusti
  5. 1 <= trust[i][0], trusti <= N

镇里有编号1~N的N个人,如果有个法官存在的话,需要满足三个条件:

  1. 法官谁也不信任
  2. 每个人都信任这个人
  3. 只有一个人满足条件1和2

给出的trust[i] = [a, b]代表了a信任b。

如果法官存在,返回他的序号,否则返回-1.

其实这个就是有向图,[a, b]表示从顶点a出发指向顶点b的一条有向边。

所以,题目的意思就是:是否存在且只存在一个顶点,所有的顶点都指向他,但是这个点不指向任何点。用术语来说就是该顶点的入度是N - 1,出度是0.

我们可以使用一个数组存储每个点的入度和出度的差,当某个点的入度和出度的差是N - 1时,代表他是法官,否则不存在。

证明:如果入度和出度的差 = N - 1,又入度、出度 >= 0,那么入度 = N- 1,出度 = 0,满足条件1和2.一旦存在一个点满足条件,那么说明这个点没有出度,所以不存在另一个点的入度是N - 1,满足条件3.

C++代码如下:

class Solution {
public:
    int findJudge(int N, vector<vector<int>>& trust) {
        vector<int> g(N + 1, 0); // in-degree - out-degree
        for (auto t : trust) {
            ++g[t[1]];
            --g[t[0]];
        }
        for (int i = 1; i <= N; ++i) {
            if (g[i] == N - 1)
                return i;
        }
        return -1;
    }
};

2019 年 2 月 24 日 —— 周末又结束了

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