1. 获取driver

appium通过生成driver来识别和操作app的UI元素。生成driver时，需要给出被测设备的相关信息。appium官方上的例子如下：

https://github.com/appium-boneyard/sample-code/blob/master/sample-code/examples/java/appium-generic-test/src/test/java/AndoridBrowserLocalTest.java

　　　　public static AndroidDriver mobiledriver;
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest( ) throws MalformedURLException {
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APPIUM_VERSION, "1.7.2");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_VERSION, "4.4");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME,"Android");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.AUTOMATION_NAME,"Appium");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, "Android Emulator");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME, "Browser");
capabilities.setCapability("newCommandTimeout", 2000);
mobiledriver = new AndroidDriver<>(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities);
}

Android 第三方被测app举例：

public static AndroidDriver<?> driver1;

public static void main(String\[\] args) {

    //set up Appium  
    DesiredCapabilities capabilities1 = new DesiredCapabilities();  
    capabilities1.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.AUTOMATION\_NAME, "uiautomator2");  
    capabilities1.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM\_NAME, "Android");  
    capabilities1.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM\_VERSION, "9.0.0");  
    capabilities1.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE\_NAME, "PCT-AL10");  
    capabilities1.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.UDID, "xxxx");  
    capabilities1.setCapability("appPackage", "com.xxxx.xxx.demo");  
    capabilities1.setCapability("appActivity", ".MainActivity");  
    //for input Chinese  
    capabilities1.setCapability("unicodeKeyboard", true);  
    capabilities1.setCapability("resetKeyboard", true);

    try {  
        driver1 = new AndroidDriver<>(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities1);  
    } catch (MalformedURLException e) {  
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block  
        e.printStackTrace();  
    }  

　　}

如何获取以上信息呢？

• MobileCapabilityType.APPIUM_VERSION: appium服务器的版本。可通过命令行appium -version 或 安装的appium server客户端查看。
• MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_VERSION:  操作系统版本。Android可通过命令行 adb -s xxxx(欲连接的deviceID) shell getprop ro.build.version.release来查看。
• MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME: Android 或 iOS。
• MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME: 被测设备名。Android可通过命令 adb -s xxxx shell getprop ro.product.model 查看。
• appPackage: 被测app包名。Android可通过命令 adb shell pm list packages | grep xxxx来查看。
• appActivity: 被测app activity名。可通过sdk里带的uiautomatorviewer查看。
• MobileCapabilityType.UDID: 被测设备id。Android可通过命令 adb devices获得。