V2AS问路
CentOS下Apache Doris Oracle ODBC外表使用指南
阅读原文时间：2023年07月09日阅读：2
  1. 操作系统：CentOS 7.8
  2. Apache Doris ：0.15
  3. Postgresql数据库：oracle 19c
  4. UnixODBC：2.3.1
  5. Oracle ODBC ：instantclient-odbc-linux.x64-19.13.0.0.0dbru

因为是测试没有Oracle的环境，由于安装比较繁琐耗时，所以通过Docker进行快速安装部署,下面给出各个版本的Docker镜像地址

2.1 Oracle 21C

# 从Docker hub下载，网络不好时，一般比较慢
docker pull lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0
# 可以选择从阿里云下载
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0
# 从阿里云下载后可以tag成如下形式
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0 lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0

启动容器

# 1、创建容器
docker run -d --name lhroracle21c -h lhroracle21c \
-p 5510:5500 -p 55100:5501 -p 1530:1521  -p 3400:3389 \
-v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup \
--privileged=true lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0 \
/usr/sbin/init
# 2、进入容器
docker exec -it lhroracle21c bash
# 3、启动监听和数据库
su - oracle
sas
startup
lsnrctl start

2.2 Oracle 19C

请参照：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/R5o3BQwj7q68OyYJg1JUjQ

2.3 Oracle 18C

## 拉取镜像
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/zhengqing/oracle18c
## 运行容器
docker run -d --name oracle18c -p 1521:1521 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/zhengqing/oracle18c

2.4 Oracle 12C

##拉取镜像
docker pull quay.io/maksymbilenko/oracle-12c
##运行容器
docker run -d -p 8080:8080 -p 1521:1521 -v /my/oracle/data:/u01/app/oracle quay.io/maksymbilenko/oracle-12c

2.5 Oracle 11g

##拉取镜像
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/helowin/oracle_11g
##运行容器
docker run -d -p 1521:1521 --name oracle11g registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/helowin/oracle_11g

首先我们安装unixODBC驱动、这里直接给出驱动的安装命令

yum install unixODBC unixODBC-devel libtool-ltdl libtool-ltdl-devel

安装完成之后执行odbcinst -j,看到下面信息说明安装成功

#odbcinst -j
unixODBC 2.3.1
DRIVERS............: /etc/odbcinst.ini
SYSTEM DATA SOURCES: /etc/odbc.ini
FILE DATA SOURCES..: /etc/ODBCDataSources
USER DATA SOURCES..: /root/.odbc.ini
SQLULEN Size.......: 8
SQLLEN Size........: 8
SQLSETPOSIROW Size.: 8

4.1 安装驱动

我们需要下载下面这几个安装包：

oracle-instantclient19.13-basic-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm

下面是下载地址：

https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-basic-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm

然后执行安装上面四个包

rpm -ivh  oracle-instantclient19.13-basic-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh  oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh  oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh  oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm

验证我们安装的ODBC驱动动态链接库是否正确

root@iZbp1cq4g9n8chsy7hcafhZ:~/doris/be/conf# ldd /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libsqora.so.19.1
  linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffefef27000)
  libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f43e80b0000)
  libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f43e7f61000)
  libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f43e7f3e000)
  libnsl.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnsl.so.1 (0x00007f43e7f21000)
  librt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt.so.1 (0x00007f43e7f16000)
  libaio.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaio.so.1 (0x00007f43e7f11000)
  libresolv.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libresolv.so.2 (0x00007f43e7ef3000)
  libclntsh.so.19.1 => /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libclntsh.so.19.1 (0x00007f43e3d6f000)
  libclntshcore.so.19.1 => /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libclntshcore.so.19.1 (0x00007f43e37cb000)
  libodbcinst.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libodbcinst.so.2 (0x00007f43e37b3000)
  libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f43e35c1000)
  /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f43e8379000)
  libnnz19.so => /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libnnz19.so (0x00007f43e2f4a000)
  libltdl.so.7 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libltdl.so.7 (0x00007f43e2f3d000)

4.2 配置环境变量

sudo vi ~/.bashrc

加入下面的内容

export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export ORACLE_SID=LEI
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

4.3 配置tnsnames.ora文件

cd /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64
mkdir -p network/admin
vi tnsnames.ora

加入下面的内容（注意修改成自己的，这里是示例）

demo =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.28.7.211)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      ( SERVICE_NAME = LEI)
    )
  )

注意

  1. 将HOST、PORT换成你自己的
  2. SERVICE_NAME :这个是我们启动Oracle docker的时候设置的ORACLE_SID

4.4 配置odbcinst.ini

这里使用RPM包安装的额ODBC驱动动态链接库在 /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/目录下

root@iZbp1cq4g9n8chsy7hcafhZ:~/instantclient_21_4# ll /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/
total 236232
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root      4096 Jan  2 11:04 ./
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root      4096 Jan  1 19:47 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root       342 Nov 27 02:41 glogin.sql
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        21 Jan  1 19:43 libclntshcore.so -> libclntshcore.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   8057664 Nov 27 02:39 libclntshcore.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        17 Jan  1 19:43 libclntsh.so -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        17 Jan  1 19:43 libclntsh.so.10.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        17 Jan  1 19:43 libclntsh.so.11.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        17 Jan  1 19:43 libclntsh.so.12.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        17 Jan  1 19:43 libclntsh.so.18.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  81679160 Nov 27 02:39 libclntsh.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   3642520 Nov 27 02:39 libipc1.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    478728 Nov 27 02:39 libmql1.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   5831752 Nov 27 02:39 libnnz19.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   2342024 Nov 27 02:39 libocci.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 130543568 Nov 27 02:39 libociei.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    153464 Nov 27 02:39 libocijdbc19.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    116376 Nov 27 02:39 liboramysql19.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   1660776 Nov 27 02:41 libsqlplusic.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   1572432 Nov 27 02:41 libsqlplus.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   1070192 Nov 27 02:41 libsqora.so.19.1* ---这里是要使用的ODBC动态链接库
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root      4096 Jan  1 19:43 network/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   4355723 Nov 27 02:39 ojdbc8.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    313026 Nov 27 02:41 ottclasses.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     37519 Nov 27 02:39 xstreams.jar

编辑/etc/odbcinst.ini，在最后加上下面的内容

[Oracle 19 ODBC driver]
Description     = Oracle ODBC driver for Oracle 19
Driver          = /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libsqora.so.19.1
Setup           =
FileUsage       =
CPTimeout       =
CPReuse         =

配置odbc.ini，在最后加上下面的内容

[oracle]
Driver = Oracle 19 ODBC driver ---这里的名称是上面odbcinst.ini里oracle部分用[]括起来的内容
ServerName =172.16.192.81:1521/LEI --这里是你的oracle数据ip地址，端口及SID
UserID = C##dbuser  --这里是我们上面创建的用户名
Password = zhangfeng   --密码

验证ODBC

isql oracle
+---------------------------------------+
| Connected!                            |
|                                       |
| sql-statement                         |
| help [tablename]                      |
| quit                                  |
|                                       |
+---------------------------------------+

显示一切正常

5.1 修改配置

修改BE节点conf/odbcinst.ini文件,加入刚才/etc/odbcinst.ini添加的一样内容，并删除原先的Oracle配置,加上你刚才安装的，如下：

[Oracle 19 ODBC driver]
Description     = Oracle ODBC driver for Oracle 19
Driver          = /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libsqora.so.19.1

5.2 验证

创建oracle的ODBC Resource

 CREATE EXTERNAL RESOURCE `oracle_19`
 PROPERTIES (
    "host" = "172.16.192.81",
    "port" = "1521",
    "user" = "C##dbuser",
    "password" = "zhangfeng",
    "database" = "LEI", --这里是你的数据库示例名称，也就是我们在docker启动时的ORACLE_SID
    "driver" = "Oracle 19 ODBC driver",   ---这里的名称一定和你在be odbcinst.ini里的oracle部分的[]里的内容一样，重要
    "odbc_type" = "oracle",
    "type" = "odbc_catalog"
 );

创建ODBC外表

CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `oracle_odbc` (
    person_id int,
    first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    last_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
) ENGINE=ODBC
COMMENT "ODBC"
PROPERTIES (
  "odbc_catalog_resource" = "oracle_19",
  "database" = "LEI",
  "table" = "persons"
);

下面我们看执行结果

mysql>  CREATE EXTERNAL RESOURCE `oracle_19`
    ->  PROPERTIES (
    ->  "host" = "172.16.192.81",
    ->  "port" = "1521",
    ->  "user" = "C##dbuser",
    ->  "password" = "zhangfeng",
    ->  "database" = "LEI",
    ->  "driver" = "Oracle 19 ODBC driver",
    ->  "odbc_type" = "oracle",
    ->  "type" = "odbc_catalog"
    ->  );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
​
mysql>
mysql>  CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `oracle_odbc` (
    ->     person_id int,
    ->     first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    ->     last_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
    -> ) ENGINE=ODBC
    -> COMMENT "ODBC"
    -> PROPERTIES (
    -> "odbc_catalog_resource" = "oracle_19",
    -> "database" = "LEI",
    -> "table" = "persons"
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
​
mysql> select * from oracle_odbc;
+-----------+------------+-----------+
| person_id | first_name | last_name |
+-----------+------------+-----------+
|         1 | zhang      | feng      |
|         2 | 张峰       | 峰        |
|         3 | zhangfeng  | 峰值      |
+-----------+------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.06 sec)

OK一切正常，正常情况下，Oracle ODBC驱动只要你的数据库版本和你的ODBC驱动版本（大版本号对上就行）一致，就基本不会出问题。

这个同样适用于Ubuntu操作系统下

Oracle版本

Oracle ODBC版本

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0

Oracle Database 12c Standard Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0

Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production

oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0

Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production

oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0

Oracle Database 21c Enterprise Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production

oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0

Oracle ODBC驱动版本下载地址：

https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm

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