V2AS问路
非关系型数据库redis
阅读原文时间：2023年07月09日阅读：2

Redis初始

redis中不区分字母的大小写

查看端口 ss tnlp

  • 安装

    • 编译安装(需要先配置epel源)

      yum install -y redis

    • 编译安装

      wget https://download.redis.io/releases/redis-6.2.6.tar.gz
解压
tar -zxf redis-4.0.10.tar.gz
3.切换redis源码目录
cd redis-4.0.10.tar.gz
4.编译源文件
make
5.编译好后，src/目录下有编译好的redis指令
6.make install 安装到指定目录，默认在/usr/local/bin
  • redis可执行文件
    ./redis-benchmark //用于进行redis性能测试的工具
./redis-check-dump //用于修复出问题的dump.rdb文件
./redis-cli //redis的客户端
./redis-server //redis的服务端
./redis-check-aof //用于修复出问题的AOF文件
./redis-sentinel //用于集群管理

1、启动redis服务

  • 进入安装目录 默认/usr/local/bin
    执行./redis-server
    redis-server redis.conf
    默认情况下，redis-server会以非daemon的方式来运行，且默认服务端口为6379。

  • 启动redis后会默认占用终端口

2、redis连接

  • ./redis-cli
    [wusir@localhost bin]$ ./redis-cli
    127.0.0.1:6379> ping
    PONG
    127.0.0.1:6379>
    127.0.0.1:6379> echo 'return pong successful connection'
    "return pong successful connection
    回复pong表示连接成功

  • ECHO 与linux的打印效果一致

  • 127.0.0.1:6379> set name 'dog'
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> get name
    "dog"
    127.0.0.1:6379>

3、常用命令

  • 退出命令
    quit
    127.0.0.1:6379> quit
    [wusir@localhost bin]$

  • del删除命令
    127.0.0.1:6379> SET ZJW SG
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> SET QQ HHHH
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> DEL name
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> set name
(error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'set' command
127.0.0.1:6379> get name
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379> get zjw
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379> get ZJW
"SG"
127.0.0.1:6379> get QQ
"HHHH"
127.0.0.1:6379> DEL ZJW QQ
(integer) 2 删除一个或者多个值
127.0.0.1:6379>
127.0.0.1:6379> del aaa
(integer) 0 不存在的被忽略掉
127.0.0.1:6379>
  • exites key
    127.0.0.1:6379> set wusir 666
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> exists wusir
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> exists name
(integer) 0
  • keys *

    查看所有的key 值

  • keys 匹配规则（正则）

    KEYs a??,

  • expire key 秒

    设置有效时间，

  • TTL key

    查看剩余有效时间，两个特殊值-2key不存在（KEY过期）,-1永久有有效，不设置时间

  • pexpire key 毫秒

    设置有效毫秒

  • pttl key

    查看剩余毫秒

  • randomkey

    随机获取一个KEY,但是不删除，数据库为空返回nil

  • move key db

    将数据转移至其他的数据库

  • rename

    重命名KEY，如果不存在则报错

    rename key newkey,如果已有key,则直接覆盖

  • 127.0.0.1:6379> set name helloworld
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
    1) "wusir"
    2) "name"
    127.0.0.1:6379> set hh 12345
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> expire name 10
    (integer) 1
    127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name
    (integer) 5
    127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name
    (integer) 2
    127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name
    (integer) -2
    127.0.0.1:6379> ttl wusir
    (integer) -1
    127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
    1) "wusir"
    2) "hh"
    127.0.0.1:6379> keys h?
    1) "hh"
    127.0.0.1:6379> pexpire hh 9000
    (integer) 1
    127.0.0.1:6379> pttl hh
    (integer) 3405
    127.0.0.1:6379> pttl
    (error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'pttl' command
    127.0.0.1:6379> pttl hh
    (integer) -2
    127.0.0.1:6379> pttl wusir
    (integer) -1
    127.0.0.1:6379> set zjw hello
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> keys
    (error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'keys' command
    127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
    1) "wusir"
    2) "zjw"
    127.0.0.1:6379> set www fff
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> set ggg ccc
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
    1) "ggg"
    2) "wusir"
    3) "www"
    4) "zjw"
    127.0.0.1:6379> set key valse
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> randromkey
    (error) ERR unknown command randromkey, with args beginning with:
    127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
    "www"
    127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
    "ggg"
    127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
    "www"
    127.0.0.1:6379>
    127.0.0.1:6379>
    127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
    "key"
    127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
    "www"
    127.0.0.1:6379> move www 2
    (integer) 1
    127.0.0.1:6379> move www 2
    (integer) 0
    127.0.0.1:6379> get www
    (nil)
    127.0.0.1:6379> select 2
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379[2]> get www
    "fff"
    127.0.0.1:6379[2]> select 3
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379[3]> randomkey
    (nil)
    127.0.0.1:6379[3]> select 0
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
    1) "ggg"
    2) "key"
    3) "zjw"
    4) "wusir"
    127.0.0.1:6379> rename ggg gege
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> rename key kkk
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
    1) "kkk"
    2) "zjw"
    3) "gege"
    4) "wusir"
    127.0.0.1:6379> get kkk
    "valse"
    127.0.0.1:6379> get zjw
    "hello"
    127.0.0.1:6379> rename kkk zjw
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> get zjw
    "valse"
    127.0.0.1:6379> renamenx gege wusir
    (integer) 0
    127.0.0.1:6379> get wusir
    "666"
    127.0.0.1:6379> get gege
    "ccc"
    127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
    1) "zjw"
    2) "gege"
    3) "wusir"
    127.0.0.1:6379> type gege
    string
    127.0.0.1:6379> type wusir
    string
    127.0.0.1:6379> type kkkkkkk
    none
    127.0.0.1:6379> lpush alexlist dsb dsb2
    (integer) 2
    127.0.0.1:6379> type alexlist
    list
    127.0.0.1:6379>

  • renamenx
    127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "ggg"
2) "key"
3) "zjw"
4) "wusir"
127.0.0.1:6379> rename ggg gege
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> rename key kkk
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "kkk"
2) "zjw"
3) "gege"
4) "wusir"
127.0.0.1:6379> get kkk
"valse"
127.0.0.1:6379> get zjw
"hello"
127.0.0.1:6379> rename kkk zjw
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get zjw
"valse"
127.0.0.1:6379> renamenx gege wusir
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> 

127.0.0.1:6379> get wusir
"666"
127.0.0.1:6379> get gege
"ccc"
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "zjw"
2) "gege"
3) "wusir"
127.0.0.1:6379>
  • type

    查看存储value的数据类型,如果键不存在返回None

    127.0.0.1:6379> type gege
string
127.0.0.1:6379> type wusir
string
127.0.0.1:6379> type kkkkkkk
none
127.0.0.1:6379> lpush alexlist dsb dsb2
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> type alexlist
list
127.0.0.1:6379>
  • select 命令
    SELECT 2;
默认到2库中；总共有16个库，编号为0到15
切换redis的库


127.0.0.1:6379> select 2
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[2]> select 15
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[15]> select 16
(error) ERR DB index is out of range

127.0.0.1:6379[15]> get name
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379[15]> select 0
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get name
"dog"
127.0.0.1:6379> 



[wusir@localhost bin]$ ./redis-cli -n 15
127.0.0.1:6379[15]>
启动的时候直接进行到对应库
  • info命令获取系统信息
    127.0.0.1:6379> info 不加参数显示所有
# Server
redis_version:6.2.6
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:c38900315f2f12fd
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:epoll
atomicvar_api:atomic-builtin
gcc_version:4.8.5
process_id:8451
process_supervised:no
run_id:4bccf2f220d12c142d1514a61119a717b83ecb04
tcp_port:6379
server_time_usec:1634866336526570
uptime_in_seconds:1048
uptime_in_days:0
hz:10
configured_hz:10
lru_clock:7476384
executable:/usr/local/bin/./redis-server
config_file:
io_threads_active:0

# Clients
connected_clients:1
cluster_connections:0
maxclients:10000
client_recent_max_input_buffer:24
client_recent_max_output_buffer:0
blocked_clients:0
tracking_clients:0
clients_in_timeout_table:0

# Memory
used_memory:873680
used_memory_human:853.20K
used_memory_rss:3014656
used_memory_rss_human:2.88M
used_memory_peak:931824
used_memory_peak_human:909.98K
used_memory_peak_perc:93.76%
used_memory_overhead:830408
used_memory_startup:809832
used_memory_dataset:43272
used_memory_dataset_perc:67.77%
allocator_allocated:920808
allocator_active:1187840
allocator_resident:3702784
total_system_memory:1907744768
total_system_memory_human:1.78G
used_memory_lua:37888
used_memory_lua_human:37.00K
used_memory_scripts:0
used_memory_scripts_human:0B
number_of_cached_scripts:0
maxmemory:0
maxmemory_human:0B
maxmemory_policy:noeviction
allocator_frag_ratio:1.29
allocator_frag_bytes:267032
allocator_rss_ratio:3.12
allocator_rss_bytes:2514944
rss_overhead_ratio:0.81
rss_overhead_bytes:-688128
mem_fragmentation_ratio:3.63
mem_fragmentation_bytes:2183736
mem_not_counted_for_evict:0
mem_replication_backlog:0
mem_clients_slaves:0
mem_clients_normal:20504
mem_aof_buffer:0
mem_allocator:jemalloc-5.1.0
active_defrag_running:0
lazyfree_pending_objects:0
lazyfreed_objects:0

# Persistence
loading:0
current_cow_size:0
current_cow_size_age:0
current_fork_perc:0.00
current_save_keys_processed:0
current_save_keys_total:0
rdb_changes_since_last_save:2
rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0
rdb_last_save_time:1634865288
rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok
rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:-1
rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1
rdb_last_cow_size:0
aof_enabled:0
aof_rewrite_in_progress:0
aof_rewrite_scheduled:0
aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok
aof_last_write_status:ok
aof_last_cow_size:0
module_fork_in_progress:0
module_fork_last_cow_size:0

# Stats
total_connections_received:4
total_commands_processed:19
instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0
total_net_input_bytes:526
total_net_output_bytes:81517
instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00
instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00
rejected_connections:0
sync_full:0
sync_partial_ok:0
sync_partial_err:0
expired_keys:0
expired_stale_perc:0.00
expired_time_cap_reached_count:0
expire_cycle_cpu_milliseconds:27
evicted_keys:0
keyspace_hits:3
keyspace_misses:1
pubsub_channels:0
pubsub_patterns:0
latest_fork_usec:0
total_forks:0
migrate_cached_sockets:0
slave_expires_tracked_keys:0
active_defrag_hits:0
active_defrag_misses:0
active_defrag_key_hits:0
active_defrag_key_misses:0
tracking_total_keys:0
tracking_total_items:0
tracking_total_prefixes:0
unexpected_error_replies:0
total_error_replies:1
dump_payload_sanitizations:0
total_reads_processed:23
total_writes_processed:19
io_threaded_reads_processed:0
io_threaded_writes_processed:0

# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:0
master_failover_state:no-failover
master_replid:937790b8a90dd91e03356bf4237c7e49224caefc
master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
master_repl_offset:0
second_repl_offset:-1
repl_backlog_active:0
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
repl_backlog_histlen:0

# CPU
used_cpu_sys:1.765061
used_cpu_user:1.087562
used_cpu_sys_children:0.000000
used_cpu_user_children:0.000000
used_cpu_sys_main_thread:1.595049
used_cpu_user_main_thread:1.214142

# Modules

# Errorstats
errorstat_ERR:count=1

# Cluster
cluster_enabled:0

# Keyspace
db0:keys=1,expires=0,avg_ttl=0

127.0.0.1:6379> info cpu   加上参数显示指定的系统信息
# CPU
used_cpu_sys:1.860890
used_cpu_user:1.153960
used_cpu_sys_children:0.000000
used_cpu_user_children:0.000000
used_cpu_sys_main_thread:1.687953
used_cpu_user_main_thread:1.283307
127.0.0.1:6379>

4、redis数据类型

  • String
  • hash
  • list
  • set
  • zset 有序

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