@ControllerAdvice三个场景：》https://www.cnblogs.com/lenve/p/10748453.html

首先定义一个全局异常哪个接口，以备拓展使用
package com.wangbiao.common.exception.global;

/**
* TODO
*
* @author wangbiao
* @Title 公共异常处理接口
* @module TODO
* @description TODO
* @date 2021/5/16 23:04
*/
public interface BussinessException {
String getResultCode();

/\*\* 错误描述\*/  
String getResultMsg();  

}

实现1中的接口，实现自己的异常构造与类型
package com.wangbiao.common.exception.global;

import lombok.Data;

/**
* TODO
*
* @author wangbiao
* @Title 自定义的异常类
* @module TODO
* @description TODO
* @date 2021/5/16 23:08
*/
@Data
public class Bussinesses extends RuntimeException{
/**
* 错误码
*/
protected String errorCode;
/**
* 错误信息
*/
protected String errorMsg;

public Bussinesses() {  
    super();  
}

public Bussinesses(BussinessException errorInfoInterface) {  
    super(errorInfoInterface.getResultCode());  
    this.errorCode = errorInfoInterface.getResultCode();  
    this.errorMsg = errorInfoInterface.getResultMsg();  
}

public Bussinesses(BussinessException errorInfoInterface, Throwable cause) {  
    super(errorInfoInterface.getResultCode(), cause);  
    this.errorCode = errorInfoInterface.getResultCode();  
    this.errorMsg = errorInfoInterface.getResultMsg();  
}

public Bussinesses(String errorMsg) {  
    super(errorMsg);  
    this.errorMsg = errorMsg;  
}

public Bussinesses(String errorCode, String errorMsg) {  
    super(errorCode);  
    this.errorCode = errorCode;  
    this.errorMsg = errorMsg;  
}

public Bussinesses(String errorCode, String errorMsg, Throwable cause) {  
    super(errorCode, cause);  
    this.errorCode = errorCode;  
    this.errorMsg = errorMsg;  
}

public String getMessage() {  
    return errorMsg;  
}

@Override  
public Throwable fillInStackTrace() {  
    return this;  
}  

}

定义一个常见异常的枚举，比如500，400，302等，在实际业务中可以把已知常见的异常类型进行封装

package com.wangbiao.common.exception.global;

/**
* TODO
*
* @author wangbiao
* @Title 公共异常枚举类
* @module TODO
* @description TODO
* @date 2021/5/16 23:05
*/
public enum CommonEnum implements BussinessException {
SUCCESS("200", "正常!"),
BODY_NOT_MATCH("400","数据格式不服!"),
SIGNATURE_NOT_MATCH("401","签名验证失败!"),
NOT_FOUND("404", "找不到!"),
INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR("500", "程序异常"),
SERVER_BUSY("503","服务器。。。，请稍后再试!")
;

private String resultCode;

private String resultMsg;

CommonEnum(String resultCode, String resultMsg) {  
    this.resultCode = resultCode;  
    this.resultMsg = resultMsg;  
}

@Override  
public String getResultCode() {  
    return resultCode;  
}

@Override  
public String getResultMsg() {  
    return resultMsg;  
}

}

定义一个公共返回实体封装，这里统一把返回用json封装，正常结果返回，与异常可以封装返回客户端
package com.wangbiao.common.exception.global;

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import lombok.Data;

/**
* TODO
*
* @author wangbiao
* @Title 自定义数据返回体
* @module TODO
* @description TODO
* @date 2021/5/16 23:10
*/
@Data
public class ResultBody {
private static final Gson gson=new Gson();
/**
* 响应代码
*/
private String code;

/\*\*  
 \* 响应消息  
 \*/  
private String message;

/\*\*  
 \* 响应结果  
 \*/  
private Object result;

public ResultBody() {  
}

public ResultBody(BussinessException errorInfo) {  
    this.code = errorInfo.getResultCode();  
    this.message = errorInfo.getResultMsg();  
}

/\*\*  
 \* 响应成功  
 \*  
 \* @return  
 \*/  
public static ResultBody success() {  
    return success(null);  
}

/\*\*  
 \* 响应成功  
 \* @param data  
 \* @return  
 \*/  
public static ResultBody success(Object data) {  
    ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();  
    rb.setCode(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultCode());  
    rb.setMessage(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultMsg());  
    rb.setResult(data);  
    return rb;  
}

/\*\*  
 \* 响应失败  
 \*/  
public static ResultBody error(BussinessException errorInfo) {  
    ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();  
    rb.setCode(errorInfo.getResultCode());  
    rb.setMessage(errorInfo.getResultMsg());  
    rb.setResult(null);  
    return rb;  
}

/\*\*  
 \* 响应失败  
 \*/  
public static ResultBody error(String code, String message) {  
    ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();  
    rb.setCode(code);  
    rb.setMessage(message);  
    rb.setResult(null);  
    return rb;  
}

/\*\*  
 \* 响应失败  
 \*/  
public static ResultBody error( String message) {  
    ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();  
    rb.setCode("-1");  
    rb.setMessage(message);  
    rb.setResult(null);  
    return rb;  
}

@Override  
public String toString() {  
    return gson.toJson(this);  
}  

}

一切就绪后，可以更具异常的类型进行分别处理与返回
package com.wangbiao.common.exception.global;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**
* TODO
*
* @author wangbiao
* @Title TODO
* @module TODO
* @description TODO
* @date 2021/5/16 22:57
*/
@ControllerAdvice
@Slf4j
public class MyGlobalExceptionHandler {

/\*\*  
 \* 处理自定义的业务异常  
 \* @param req  
 \* @param e  
 \* @return  
 \*/  
@ExceptionHandler(value = Bussinesses.class)  //@ExceptionHandler 注解用来指明异常的处理类型，即如果这里指定为 NullpointerException，则数组越界异常就不会进到这个方法中来  
@ResponseBody  
public  ResultBody bussiNessesHandler(HttpServletRequest req, Bussinesses e){  
    log.error("发生业务异常！原因是：{}",e.getErrorMsg());  
    return ResultBody.error(e.getErrorCode(),e.getErrorMsg());  
}

/\*\*  
 \* 处理空指针的异常  
 \* @param req  
 \* @param e  
 \* @return  
 \*/  
@ExceptionHandler(value =NullPointerException.class)//@ExceptionHandler 注解用来指明异常的处理类型，即如果这里指定为 NullpointerException，则数组越界异常就不会进到这个方法中来  
@ResponseBody  
public ResultBody exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, NullPointerException e){  
    log.error("发生空指针异常！原因是:",e);  
    return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.BODY\_NOT\_MATCH);  
}

/\*\*  
 \* 处理其他异常  
 \* @param req  
 \* @param e  
 \* @return  
 \*/  
@ExceptionHandler(value =Exception.class) //@ExceptionHandler 注解用来指明异常的处理类型，即如果这里指定为 NullpointerException，则数组越界异常就不会进到这个方法中来  
@ResponseBody  
public ResultBody exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, Exception e){  
    log.error("未知异常！原因是:",e);  
    return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.INTERNAL\_SERVER\_ERROR);  
}  

}