V2AS问路
[没接触过kubevirt？]15分钟快速入门kubevirt
阅读原文时间：2023年07月10日阅读：1

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目录

本文有两个版本，详细版、简洁版。

前者适合新手，后者适合老手（方便大家查找，从而过滤掉某些步骤，节约时间成本） 所以大家按需查看哟。

详细版

简洁版

简洁版：包含所有步骤，以及命令的执行过程（适合新手）

简洁版：只包含命令（适合有一定熟练度的人）

  • 什么是kubevirt？

    kubevirt是一个容器方式运行虚拟机的项目。kubevirt是附加kubernetes集群上的，它是通过 CustomResourceDefinition（CRD）部署到Kubernetes API变成资源对象。使用方式类似创建deploy、pod……这些资源清单。

  • 环境保证网络出外网

系统

服务

centos7

kubernetes集群

官网地址：https://kubevirt.io/

搭建步骤

安装KubeVirt

[root@master ~]# export RELEASE=v0.35.0
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${RELEASE}/kubevirt-operator.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${RELEASE}/kubevirt-cr.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -n kubevirt
NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
virt-api-64999f7bf5-fblkh          1/1     Running   0          5m24s
virt-api-64999f7bf5-l8wzr          1/1     Running   0          5m24s
virt-controller-8696ccdf44-k9qpv   1/1     Running   0          4m52s
virt-controller-8696ccdf44-tpxwp   1/1     Running   0          4m52s
virt-handler-kl8tl                 1/1     Running   0          4m52s
virt-operator-78fbcdfdf4-468h4     1/1     Running   0          8m4s
virt-operator-78fbcdfdf4-nvvxx     1/1     Running   0          8m4s

所以服务启动后，执行下面这条命令

[root@master ~]# kubectl -n kubevirt wait kv kubevirt --for condition=Available
kubevirt.kubevirt.io/kubevirt condition met

安装virtctl客户端工具

[root@master ~]# export VERSION=v0.41.0
[root@master ~]# wget https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${VERSION}/virtctl-${VERSION}-linux-amd64
[root@master kubevirt]# cp virtctl-v0.41.0-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/virtctl
[root@master kubevirt]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/virtctl ; ll /usr/local/bin/
total 64000
-r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 17586312 Jan 11 10:52 docker-compose
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 47944250 Apr 16 16:58 virtctl
[root@master kubevirt]# virtctl version
Client Version: version.Info{GitVersion:"v0.41.0", GitCommit:"b77b858ac9345ae6858cf409e1833f4548ec2809", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2020-11-09T13:38:36Z", GoVersion:"go1.13.14", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{GitVersion:"{gitVersion}", GitCommit:"{gitCommit}", GitTreeState:"{gitTreeState}", BuildDate:"{buildDate}", GoVersion:"go1.13.14", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

创建VirtualMachine

  • VirtualMachine(vm)类似于docker镜像一个模板可以启动很多运行实例vmi：

    [root@master kubevirt]# cat test.yaml
    apiVersion: kubevirt.io/v1alpha3
    kind: VirtualMachine
    metadata:
    labels:
    kubevirt.io/vm: vm-cirros
    name: vm-cirros
    spec:
    running: false
    template:
    metadata:
    labels:
    kubevirt.io/vm: vm-cirros
    spec:
    domain:
    devices:
    disks:
    - disk:
    bus: virtio
    name: containerdisk
    - disk:
    bus: virtio
    name: cloudinitdisk
    machine:
    type: ""
    resources:
    requests:
    memory: 64M
    terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
    volumes:
    - name: containerdisk
    containerDisk:
    image: kubevirt/cirros-container-disk-demo:latest
    - cloudInitNoCloud:
    userDataBase64: IyEvYmluL3NoCgplY2hvICdwcmludGVkIGZyb20gY2xvdWQtaW5pdCB1c2VyZGF0YScK
    name: cloudinitdisk
    [root@master kubevirt]# kubectl apply -f test.yaml
    virtualmachine.kubevirt.io/vm-cirros created

    [root@master kubevirt]# kubectl get vm
    NAME AGE VOLUME
    vm-cirros 21m

启动VirtualMachineInstance

  • VirtualMachineInstance（vmi）类似于docker镜像的运行实例容器：

    [root@master kubevirt]# virtctl start vm-cirros
    VM vm-cirros was scheduled to start
    [root@master kubevirt]# kubectl get vmi
    NAME AGE PHASE IP NODENAME
    vm-cirros 62s Running 10.244.0.15 master

    [root@master kubevirt]# virtctl console vm-cirros # 进入虚拟机
    Successfully connected to vm-cirros console. The escape sequence is ^]

    login as 'cirros' user. default password: 'gocubsgo'. use 'sudo' for root.
    vm-cirros login: cirros
    Password:
    $ ip a
    1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    2: eth0: mtu 1450 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether 2e:3e:2a:46:29:94 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.244.0.16/24 brd 10.244.0.255 scope global eth0
    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::2c3e:2aff:fe46:2994/64 scope link tentative flags 08
    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    $ # 按 ctrl+] 退出虚拟机
    $ [root@master kubevirt]#

启动和停止命令

spec.running 字段如果设置为true为启动、false为停止**

  • 创建 VirtualMachine 后，可以像这样打开或关闭它：

    Start the virtual machine: 启动虚拟机

    virtctl start vm

    Stop the virtual machine: 停止虚拟机

    virtctl stop vm

  • kubectl也可以使用：

    Start the virtual machine: 启动虚拟机

    kubectl patch virtualmachine vm --type merge -p <br /> '{"spec":{"running":true}}'

    Stop the virtual machine: 停止虚拟机

    kubectl patch virtualmachine vm --type merge -p <br /> '{"spec":{"running":false}}'

vm作为服务公开

VirtualMachine 可以作为服务公开。实际服务将在 VirtualMachineInstance 启动后可用。

例如， 在创建 VirtualMachine 后，将 SSH 端口 (22) 公开为NodePort服务

[root@master kubevirt]# virtctl expose virtualmachine  vm-cirros --name vmiservice-node  --target-port 22  --port 24 --type NodePort
Service vmiservice-node successfully exposed for virtualmachine vm-cirros
[root@master kubevirt]# kubectl get svc
NAME              TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes        ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP        95d
vmiservice-node   NodePort    10.106.62.191   <none>        24:31912/TCP   3s

最后使用远程工具连接即可：

** 注意 端口使用svc NodePort端口，如图所示：

安装KubeVirt

export RELEASE=v0.35.0
kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${RELEASE}/kubevirt-operator.yaml
kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${RELEASE}/kubevirt-cr.yaml
kubectl get pods -n kubevirt


kubectl -n kubevirt wait kv kubevirt --for condition=Available

安装virtctl客户端工具

export VERSION=v0.41.0
wget https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${VERSION}/virtctl-${VERSION}-linux-amd64
cp virtctl-v0.41.0-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/virtctl
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/virtctl ; ll /usr/local/bin/
virtctl version

创建VirtualMachine

[root@master kubevirt]# cat test.yaml
apiVersion: kubevirt.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualMachine
metadata:
  labels:
    kubevirt.io/vm: vm-cirros
  name: vm-cirros
spec:
  running: false
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        kubevirt.io/vm: vm-cirros
    spec:
      domain:
        devices:
          disks:
          - disk:
              bus: virtio
            name: containerdisk
          - disk:
              bus: virtio
            name: cloudinitdisk
        machine:
          type: ""
        resources:
          requests:
            memory: 64M
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
      volumes:
      - name: containerdisk
        containerDisk:
          image: kubevirt/cirros-container-disk-demo:latest
      - cloudInitNoCloud:
          userDataBase64: IyEvYmluL3NoCgplY2hvICdwcmludGVkIGZyb20gY2xvdWQtaW5pdCB1c2VyZGF0YScK
        name: cloudinitdisk
[root@master kubevirt]# kubectl apply -f test.yaml
virtualmachine.kubevirt.io/vm-cirros created

[root@master kubevirt]# kubectl get vm
NAME        AGE   VOLUME
vm-cirros   21m

启动VirtualMachineInstance

virtctl start vm-cirros
kubectl get vmi
virtctl console vm-cirros  # 进入虚拟机
按 ctrl+]  退出虚拟机

启动和停止命令

virtctl start vm
virtctl stop vm

# Start the virtual machine:  启动虚拟机
kubectl patch virtualmachine vm --type merge -p \
    '{"spec":{"running":true}}'

# Stop the virtual machine:  停止虚拟机
kubectl patch virtualmachine vm --type merge -p \
    '{"spec":{"running":false}}'

vm作为服务公开

[root@master kubevirt]# virtctl expose virtualmachine  vm-cirros --name vmiservice-node  --target-port 22  --port 24 --type NodePort
[root@master kubevirt]# kubectl get svc

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