SAP-简单的OALV演示练习
阅读原文时间:2023年07月16日阅读:2

接上一篇传统ALV:https://www.cnblogs.com/BruceKing/p/11320165.html。

首先介绍下什么是ALV,在R/3 4.6C之前ALV全称为ABAP List Viewer,在其后的版本中,已经正式更名为SAP List Viewer。ALV是SAP系统中心的列表标准,可以在ABAP程序中进行报表输出。除去传统列表的显示和少量交互功能之外,ALV还提供给系统用户多种其它丰富的交互功能。

使用ALV有两种方式,一种为传统的Call Function,另一种为面向对象的编程,为了有良好的编程习惯和跟随SAP技术的发展,在此,强烈推荐使用面向对象的编程来实现ALV,在此,本文档也是根据此来写的。

下面进行OALV的演示练习

1、使用se80创建程序及建立屏幕8002.

2、绘制容器

点击保存,激活后关闭。

3、创建对象时候的调用类

调用方法

REPORT YJQCS003.
*定义变量
DATA:CONTAINER TYPE REF TO CL_GUI_CUSTOM_CONTAINER, "存放ALV容器
ALV TYPE REF TO CL_GUI_ALV_GRID, "ALV的网格实例
LT_FIELDCAT TYPE LVC_T_FCAT, "存放字段目录的内表
LS_FIELDCAT TYPE LVC_S_FCAT,
WA_LAYOUT TYPE LVC_S_LAYO. "布局结构
DATA:OK_CODE TYPE SY-UCOMM."元素清单里的一致
*定义内表结构
TYPES:BEGIN OF TY_ALVSHOW,
VBELN LIKE VBAK-VBELN,
ERDAT LIKE VBAK-ERDAT,
ERNAM LIKE VBAK-ERNAM,
KUNNR LIKE VBAK-KUNNR,
POSNR LIKE VBAP-POSNR,
MATNR LIKE VBAP-MATNR,
MATKL LIKE VBAP-MATKL,
ZMENG LIKE VBAP-ZMENG,
ZIEME LIKE VBAP-ZIEME,
WERKS LIKE VBAP-WERKS,
LGORT LIKE VBAP-LGORT,
END OF TY_ALVSHOW.
*定义内表及工作区
DATA:IT_ALVSHOW TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TY_ALVSHOW.
DATA:WA_ALVSHOW TYPE TY_ALVSHOW.

CALL SCREEN ."在调用module前调用屏幕,很重要

MODULE DISPLAY_ALV OUTPUT.
PERFORM DISPLAY_ALV. "封装显示数据函数
ENDMODULE.

FORM DISPLAY_ALV.
"创建容器对象
IF ALV IS INITIAL.
CREATE OBJECT CONTAINER "创建容器对象
EXPORTING
CONTAINER_NAME = 'CONTAINER'.
IF CONTAINER IS NOT INITIAL.
CREATE OBJECT ALV "创建ALV的网格实例
EXPORTING
I_PARENT = CONTAINER.
ENDIF.

PERFORM SET\_FIELDCAT ."封装定义显示字段

PERFORM SET\_LAYOUT ."封装定义布局

PERFORM GET\_DATA."封装取数

CALL METHOD ALV->SET\_TABLE\_FOR\_FIRST\_DISPLAY "调用显示ALV的方法  
  EXPORTING  
    I\_SAVE                        = 'A'  
    IS\_LAYOUT                     = WA\_LAYOUT  
  CHANGING  
    IT\_OUTTAB                     = IT\_ALVSHOW  
    IT\_FIELDCATALOG               = LT\_FIELDCAT  
  EXCEPTIONS  
    INVALID\_PARAMETER\_COMBINATION =  
    PROGRAM\_ERROR                 =  
    TOO\_MANY\_LINES                =  
    OTHERS                        = .  
IF SY-SUBRC <> .  
ENDIF.  

ELSE.
CALL METHOD ALV->REFRESH_TABLE_DISPLAY "如果有容器的话,调用刷新ALV的方法
EXCEPTIONS
FINISHED =
OTHERS = .
IF SY-SUBRC <> .
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.

MODULE STATUS_8002 OUTPUT.
SET PF-STATUS 'STANDARD'. "这里使用SE41复制一个菜单
* SET TITLEBAR 'xxx'.
ENDMODULE.

MODULE USER_COMMAND_8002 INPUT. "调用屏幕事件
CLEAR:OK_CODE.
CASE OK_CODE.
WHEN '&ADD'.
LEAVE SCREEN.
WHEN OTHERS.
ENDCASE.
ENDMODULE.

FORM SET_FIELDCAT . "定义显示字段
DATA:COL_POS TYPE I.
* fieldcat
COL_POS = .
*销售凭证列
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'VBELN'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-KEY = 'X'.
LS_FIELDCAT-SCRTEXT_M = '销售凭证'. "这个字段和常规的不一样,常规的为SELTEXT_M
APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
*创建日期
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'ERDAT'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-REF_TABLE = 'VBAK'."这个字段和常规的不一样,常规的为REF_TABNAME
APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
*创建者
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'ERNAM'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-SCRTEXT_M = '创建人'.
APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
*售达方 自己起字段描述
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'KUNNR'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-SCRTEXT_M = '客户'.
APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
*售达方1 参考数据字典表名
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'KUNNR'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-REF_TABLE = 'VBAK'.
APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
*行号
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'POSNR'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-REF_TABLE = 'VBAP'.
APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
*物料
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'MATNR'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-SCRTEXT_M = '物料编码'.
APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
*物料组
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'MATKL'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-SCRTEXT_M = '物料组'.
APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
*数量
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'ZMENG'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-SCRTEXT_M = '数量'.
LS_FIELDCAT-DO_SUM = 'X'. "总计
LS_FIELDCAT-EDIT = 'X'. "总计
LS_FIELDCAT-DECIMALS = . "因为当编辑数量的时候,如果是小数,要指定小数位,否则输入数据之后回车会自动缩小,如果使用ref则不需要设置

APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
*单位
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'ZIEME'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-SCRTEXT_M = '单位'.
APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
*工厂
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'WERKS'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-REF_TABLE = 'VBAP'.
APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
*库位
COL_POS = COL_POS + .
LS_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'LGORT'.
LS_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = COL_POS.
LS_FIELDCAT-SCRTEXT_M = '库位'.
APPEND LS_FIELDCAT TO LT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR:LS_FIELDCAT.
ENDFORM.
FORM SET_LAYOUT . "定义页面布局
WA_LAYOUT-CWIDTH_OPT = 'X'.
WA_LAYOUT-ZEBRA = 'X'.
WA_LAYOUT-GRID_TITLE = '销售订单查询报表'. "小标题
WA_LAYOUT-SMALLTITLE = 'X'.
ENDFORM.
FORM GET_DATA."取数
SELECT
VBAK~VBELN VBAK~ERDAT VBAK~ERNAM VBAK~KUNNR VBAP~POSNR VBAP~MATNR VBAP~MATKL
VBAP~ZMENG VBAP~ZIEME VBAP~WERKS VBAP~LGORT FROM VBAK
INNER JOIN VBAP ON VBAK~VBELN = VBAP~VBELN
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE IT_ALVSHOW UP TO ROWS.
ENDFORM.

显示效果如下

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