手持激光，并用cartographer建图，保存的地图是.pbstream格式

ht@ht:~$ rosservice call /write_state /home/ht/Desktop/carto_map.pbstream ''
status:
code:
message: "State written to '/home/ht/Desktop/carto_map.pbstream'."

再执行下一步保存：

ht@ht:~$ rosrun cartographer_ros cartographer_pbstream_to_ros_map -map_filestem=/home/ht/Desktop/ros_map -pbstream_filename=/home/ht/Desktop/carto_map.pbstream -resolution=0.05
I1116 ::02.375815 pbstream_to_ros_map_main.cc:] Loading submap slices from serialized data.
I1116 ::03.199592 pbstream_to_ros_map_main.cc:] Generating combined map image from submap slices.

得到三个文件：carto_map.pbstream、ros_map.pgm、ros_map.yaml

建图的过程

1、修改配置

参数文件：src/cartographer_ros/cartographer_ros/configuration_files/revo_lds.lua；其中修改的地方有： tracking_frame = "laser", published_frame = "laser", use_odometry = false

include "map_builder.lua"
include "trajectory_builder.lua"

options = {
map_builder = MAP_BUILDER,
trajectory_builder = TRAJECTORY_BUILDER,
map_frame = "map",
tracking_frame = "laser",
published_frame = "laser",
odom_frame = "odom",
provide_odom_frame = true,
publish_frame_projected_to_2d = false,
use_pose_extrapolator = true,
use_odometry = false,
use_nav_sat = false,
use_landmarks = false,
num_laser_scans = ,
num_multi_echo_laser_scans = ,
num_subdivisions_per_laser_scan = ,
num_point_clouds = ,
lookup_transform_timeout_sec = 0.2,
submap_publish_period_sec = 0.3,
pose_publish_period_sec = 5e-,
trajectory_publish_period_sec = 30e-,
rangefinder_sampling_ratio = .,
odometry_sampling_ratio = .,
fixed_frame_pose_sampling_ratio = .,
imu_sampling_ratio = .,
landmarks_sampling_ratio = .,
}

MAP_BUILDER.use_trajectory_builder_2d = true

TRAJECTORY_BUILDER_2D.submaps.num_range_data =
TRAJECTORY_BUILDER_2D.min_range = 0.3
TRAJECTORY_BUILDER_2D.max_range = .
TRAJECTORY_BUILDER_2D.missing_data_ray_length = .
TRAJECTORY_BUILDER_2D.use_imu_data = false
TRAJECTORY_BUILDER_2D.use_online_correlative_scan_matching = true
TRAJECTORY_BUILDER_2D.real_time_correlative_scan_matcher.linear_search_window = 0.1
TRAJECTORY_BUILDER_2D.real_time_correlative_scan_matcher.translation_delta_cost_weight = .
TRAJECTORY_BUILDER_2D.real_time_correlative_scan_matcher.rotation_delta_cost_weight = 1e-

POSE_GRAPH.optimization_problem.huber_scale = 1e2
POSE_GRAPH.optimize_every_n_nodes =
POSE_GRAPH.constraint_builder.min_score = 0.65

return options

注意：修改完配置文件，需要重新编译；

catkin_make -DCATKIN_WHITELIST_PACKAGES=cartographer_ros

启动文件：src/cartographer_ros/cartographer_ros/launch/rplidar_demo_revo_lds.launch；这里要修改的是 ，

  <node name="rviz" pkg="rviz" type="rviz" required="true"  
      args="-d $(find cartographer\_ros)/configuration\_files/demo\_2d.rviz" />