先讲一个基本的动态库,功能为自定义一个动态库,里面有一个函数MyMessage实现弹出MessageBox。
1、 先在头文件中定义:
#ifdef __cplusplus
#define EXPORT extern "C" __declspec (dllexport)
#else
#define EXPORT __declspec (dllexport)
#endif
2、在头文件中定义自己的需要函数,比如:EXPORT VOID MyMessage(HWND hwnd,LPCTSTR lstr);
3、在.cpp文件中实现自定义函数
EXPORT VOID MyMessage(HWND hwnd,LPCTSTR lstr)
{
MessageBox(hwnd,lstr,"tip",MB_OK);
}
4、新建项目使用该动态库。
(1)、附加包含目录。右击属性 -> 配置属性 -> C/C++ -> 常规 -> 附加包含目录。然后选择动态库的头文件目录添加进去。
(2)、加载动态库。定义HMODULE g_hModule = NULL;在OnCreate函数中加载
if(g_hModule == NULL)
{
g_hModule = ::LoadLibrary("mydll.dll");
}
(3)、加载函数与使用
VOID(*MYMESSAGE)(HWND,LPCTSTR);
MYMESSAGE = (VOID(*)(HWND,LPCTSTR))::GetProcAddress(g_hModule,"MyMessage");
MYMESSAGE(hwnd,"hello world");
其中MYMESSAGE为函数指针。
(4)、在destroy的时候卸载动态库
if(g_hModule)
{
::FreeLibrary(g_hModule);
g_hModule = NULL;
}
在动态库中加入资源,如何加载
提示:如果动态库为没有函数,则不要设置项目依赖,因为动态库没有函数不生成lib文件。在动态库中加入资源后,把资源文件resource改名,避免与调用dll文件的程序重名。
用法差不多,加载资源的时候把HINSTANCE改成HMODULE就行了。
#include
#include
#include
#include"resource.h"
#include"dllresource.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = NULL;
HMODULE g_hModule = NULL;
LRESULT CALLBACK WinSunProc(HWND hwnd,UINT uMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam);
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
g_hInstance = hInstance;
WNDCLASS wndcls;
wndcls.cbClsExtra = ;
wndcls.cbWndExtra = ;
wndcls.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
wndcls.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);
wndcls.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION);
wndcls.hInstance = hInstance;
wndcls.lpfnWndProc = WinSunProc;
wndcls.lpszClassName = _T("sunxin2006");
wndcls.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wndcls.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
RegisterClass(&wndcls);
HWND hwnd = CreateWindow(\_T("sunxin2006"),\_T("helloworld"),WS\_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
,,,,NULL,NULL,hInstance,NULL);
ShowWindow(hwnd,SW\_SHOW);
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
MSG msg;
while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,,)>)
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return msg.wParam;
}
VOID OnCreate(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
int scrWidth,scrHeight;
RECT rect;
//获得屏幕尺寸
scrWidth = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);
scrHeight = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN);
//取得窗口尺寸
GetWindowRect(hwnd,&rect);
//重新设置rect里的值
rect.left = (scrWidth-rect.right)/;
rect.top = (scrHeight-rect.bottom)/;
//移动窗口到指定的位置
SetWindowPos(hwnd,HWND_TOP,rect.left,rect.top,rect.right,rect.bottom,SWP_SHOWWINDOW);
g_hModule = LoadLibrary("testdll2.dll");
}
POINT DrawBmp(HDC hdc,int x,int y,int bmpID)
{
HDC hMemdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
//HBITMAP hBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,rtClient.right,rtClient.bottom);
HBITMAP hBitmap = LoadBitmap(g_hInstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(bmpID));
BITMAP bmp;
GetObject(hBitmap,sizeof(BITMAP),&bmp);
SelectObject(hMemdc,hBitmap);
BitBlt(hdc,x,y,bmp.bmWidth,bmp.bmHeight,hMemdc,,,SRCCOPY);
DeleteObject(hBitmap);
DeleteDC(hMemdc);
POINT pt;
pt.x = x+bmp.bmWidth;
pt.y = y+bmp.bmHeight;
return pt;
}
POINT DrawBmpFromDll(HDC hdc,int x,int y,int bmpID)
{
HDC hMemdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
HBITMAP hBitmap = LoadBitmap(g_hModule,MAKEINTRESOURCE(bmpID));
BITMAP bmp;
GetObject(hBitmap,sizeof(BITMAP),&bmp);
SelectObject(hMemdc,hBitmap);
BitBlt(hdc,x,y,bmp.bmWidth,bmp.bmHeight,hMemdc,,,SRCCOPY);
DeleteObject(hBitmap);
DeleteDC(hMemdc);
POINT pt;
pt.x = x+bmp.bmWidth;
pt.y = y+bmp.bmHeight;
return pt;
}
VOID OnPaint(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
RECT rtClient;
GetClientRect(hwnd,&rtClient);
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
/*int IDs[] = {IDB_BMP1,IDB_BMP2,IDB_BMP3};
POINT pt = {0,0};
for(int i=0;i<sizeof(IDs)/sizeof(int);++i)
{
pt = DrawBmp(hdc,pt.x,pt.y,IDs[i]);
}
*/
int IDs[] = {IDB_BITMAP1,IDB_BITMAP2,IDB_BITMAP3,IDB_BITMAP4,IDB_BITMAP5,
IDB_BITMAP6,IDB_BITMAP7,IDB_BITMAP8,IDB_BITMAP9};
POINT pt = {,};
for(int i=;i<sizeof(IDs)/sizeof(int);++i)
{
pt = DrawBmpFromDll(hdc,pt.x,pt.y,IDs[i]);
}
EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WinSunProc(HWND hwnd,UINT uMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(uMsg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
OnCreate(hwnd,wParam,lParam);
break;
case WM_PAINT:
OnPaint(hwnd,wParam,lParam);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
if(g_hModule)
{
FreeLibrary(g_hModule);
g_hModule = NULL;
}
PostQuitMessage();
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hwnd,uMsg,wParam,lParam);
}
return ;
}
windows动态库共享内存
windows共享内存,数据必须初始化,并且定义时需要特定格式,可以通过动态库共享内存,设计程序只被启动一次。在动态库的头文件或者cpp文件中加上以下代码。
#pragma data_seg("mysharedata")
int app_count = ; //共享内存, 必须初始化,否则共享内存失败
#pragma data_seg()
#pragma comment(linker,"/SECTION:mysharedata,RWS")
动态库导出类
1、动态库中定义
#ifdef MYEXPORT
#define EXPORT __declspec (dllexport)
#else
#define EXPORT __declspec (dllimport)
#endif
2、动态库中新建类中头文件
class EXPORT MyClassTestDll
{
public:
MyClassTestDll(void);
~MyClassTestDll(void);
int Add(int,int);
};
3、在动态库.cpp文件中实现上述类,并定义宏MYEXPORT
#define MYEXPORT
MyClassTestDll::MyClassTestDll(void)
{
}
MyClassTestDll::~MyClassTestDll(void)
{
}
int MyClassTestDll::Add(int num1,int num2)
{
return num1 + num2;
}
4、在测试程序中设置附加附加包含目录与附加库目录,分别在属性的c/c++与链接器的常规中设置。
5、在测试程序中使用
#pragma comment(lib,"testclassdll3.lib")
MyClassTestDll myclasstestdll;
int sum = myclasstestdll.Add(,);
if(sum == )
MessageBox(hwnd,"调用成功","",MB_OK);
动态库入口函数中获取HINSTANCE
HINSTANCE g_hInstance= NULL;
BOOL APIENTRY DllMain( HANDLE hModule,
DWORD ul_reason_for_call,
LPVOID lpReserved
)
{
switch(ul_reason_for_call)
{
case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
g_hInstance= = (HINSTANCE)hModule;
case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
break;
}
return TRUE;
}
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