prometheus（6）之常用服务监控

阅读原文时间：2023年07月08日阅读：5

监控常用服务

1.tomcat
2.redis
3.mysql
4.nginx
5.mongodb

prometheus监控tomcat

tomcat_exporter地址

https://github.com/nlighten/tomcat_exporter

下面在k8s-master节点操作
（1）制作tomcat镜像，按如下步骤
mkdir /root/tomcat_image
把上面的war包和jar包传到这个目录下
cat Dockerfile
FROM tomcat
ADD metrics.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
ADD simpleclient-0.8.0.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/
ADD simpleclient_common-0.8.0.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/
ADD simpleclient_hotspot-0.8.0.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/
ADD simpleclient_servlet-0.8.0.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/
ADD tomcat_exporter_client-0.0.12.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/

docker build -t='xianchao/tomcat_prometheus:v1' .
docker login
username：xianchao
password：1989317**
docker push xianchao/tomcat_prometheus:v1 #上传镜像到hub仓库
docker pull xianchao/tomcat_prometheus:v1 #在k8s的node节点拉取镜像拉取镜像

（2）基于上面的镜像创建一个tomcat实例
cat deploy.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: tomcat-deployment
namespace: default
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: tomcat
replicas: 2 # tells deployment to run 2 pods matching the template
template: # create pods using pod definition in this template
metadata:
labels:
app: tomcat
annotations:
prometheus.io/scrape: 'true'
spec:
containers:
- name: tomcat
image: xianchao/tomcat_prometheus:v1
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
securityContext:
privileged: true

kubectl apply -f deploy.yaml

创建一个service，可操作也可不操作
cat tomcat-service.yaml
kind: Service #service 类型
apiVersion: v1
metadata:

annotations:

prometheus.io/scrape: 'true'

name: tomcat-service
spec:
selector:
app: tomcat
ports:

nodePort: 31360
port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 8080
type: NodePort

kubectl apply -f tomcat-service.yaml
在promethues上可以看到监控到tomcat的pod了

tomcat.yaml

监控redis

配置一个Redis的exporter，我们通过redis进行暴露监控

我们在之前的Redis上添加prometheus.io/scrape=true

cat redis.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: redis
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: redis
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: redis
spec:
containers:
- name: redis
image: redis:4
resources:
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
ports:
- containerPort: 6379
- name: redis-exporter
image: oliver006/redis_exporter:latest
resources:
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
ports:

- containerPort: 9121

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: redis
namespace: kube-system
annotations:
prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
prometheus.io/port: "9121"
spec:
selector:
app: redis
ports:
- name: redis
port: 6379
targetPort: 6379
- name: prom
port: 9121
targetPort: 9121

redis.yaml

redis 这个 Pod 中包含了两个容器，一个就是 redis 本身的主应用，另外一个容器就是 redis_exporter

由于Redis服务的metrics接口在redis-exporter 9121上，所以我们添加了prometheus.io/port=9121这样的annotation,在prometheus就会自动发现redis了

接下来我们刷新一下Redis的Service配置
[root@abcdocker prometheus]# kubectl apply -f redis.yaml
deployment.extensions/redis unchanged
service/redis unchanged

在grafana导入redis的json文件Redis Cluster-1571393212519.json，监控界面如下

Prometheus监控mysql

[root@xianchaomaster1 prometheus]# yum install mysql -y
[root@xianchaomaster1 prometheus]# yum install mariadb -y

tar -xvf mysqld_exporter-0.10.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd mysqld_exporter-0.10.0.linux-amd64
cp -ar mysqld_exporter /usr/local/bin/
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/mysqld_exporter

登陆mysql为mysql_exporter创建账号并授权

# 创建数据库用户。
mysql> CREATE USER 'mysql_exporter'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Abcdef123!.';

对mysql_exporter用户授权

mysql> GRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SELECT ON *.* TO 'mysql_exporter'@'localhost';

exit 退出mysql

创建mysql配置文件、运行时可免密码连接数据库：

cd mysqld_exporter-0.10.0.linux-amd64
cat my.cnf
[client]
user=mysql_exporter
password=Abcdef123!.

启动mysql_exporter客户端

nohup ./mysqld_exporter --config.my-cnf=./my.cnf &

mysqld_exporter的监听端口是9104

修改prometheus-alertmanager-cfg.yaml文件，添加如下

job_name: 'mysql' static_configs:
- targets: ['192.168.40.180:9104']

kubectl apply -f prometheus-alertmanager-cfg.yaml

kubectl delete -f prometheus-alertmanager-deploy.yaml

kubectl apply -f prometheus-alertmanager-deploy.yaml

grafana导入mysql监控图表

mysql-overview_rev5.json

Prometheus监控Nginx

下载nginx-module-vts模块

unzip nginx-module-vts-master.zip
mv nginx-module-vts-master /usr/local/

安装nginx

tar zxvf nginx-1.15.7.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.15.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre --with-file-aio --with-http_realip_module --add-module=/usr/local/nginx-module-vts-master

make && make install

修改nginx配置文件

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server下添加如下：
location /status {
       vhost_traffic_status_display;
       vhost_traffic_status_display_format html;
        }
http中添加如下：
vhost_traffic_status_zone;

测试nginx配置文件是否正确：
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
如果正确没问题，启动nginx
启动nginx：
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

访问192.168.124.16/status可以看到nginx监控数据

安装nginx-vts-exporter

unzip nginx-vts-exporter-0.5.zip
mv nginx-vts-exporter-0.5 /usr/local/
chmod +x /usr/local/nginx-vts-exporter-0.5/bin/nginx-vts-exporter
cd /usr/local/nginx-vts-exporter-0.5/bin
nohup ./nginx-vts-exporter -nginx.scrape_uri http://192.168.124.16/status/format/json &

#注意：http://192.168.124.16/status/format/json这个地方的ip地址是nginx的IP地址
nginx-vts-exporter的监听端口是9913

修改prometheus-cfg.yaml文件

添加如下job：

job_name: 'nginx' scrape_interval: 5s static_configs:
- targets: ['192.168.124.16:9913']

kubectl apply -f prometheus-cfg.yaml
kubectl delete -f prometheus-deploy.yaml
kubectl apply -f prometheus-deploy.yaml

#注意： - targets: ['192.168.124.16:9913']这个ip地址是nginx-vts-exporter程序所在机器的ip地址

在grafana界面导入nginx图标

prometheus监控mongodb

下载mongodb和mongodb_exporter镜像

docker pull mongo

docker pull eses/mongodb_exporter

启动mongodb

mkdir -p /data/db
docker run -d --name mongodb -p 27017:27017 -v /data/db:/data/db mongo
#创建mongo账号密码，给mongodb_exporter连接mongo用
（1）登录到容器
docker exec -it 24f910190790ade396844cef61cc66412b7af2108494742922c6157c5b236aac mongo admin
（2）设置密码
use admin
db.createUser({ user: 'admin', pwd: 'admin111111', roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ] })

exit推出

启动mongo_exporter

docker run -d --name mongodb_exporter -p 30056:9104 elarasu/mongodb_exporter --mongodb.uri mongodb://admin:admin111111@192.168.124.16:27017

注：admin:admin111111这个就是上面启动mongodb后设置的密码，@后面接mongodb的ip和端口

修改prometheus-cfg.yaml文件

添加一个job_name