写这篇文章的时候应该不算晚,因为 qml 中并没有正式的系统托盘组件。
但是,在 Qt Labs Platform 模块中( 实验模块,Qt 5.8引入 ),已经有了 SystemTrayIcon,相信以后会作为正式的模块进入 qml。
即便如此,本文仍提供了一种在qml中使用 QSystemTrayIcon 的方法,或者也可以作为 qml 与 c++ 交互的例子来看。
先上完成后的 qml 代码:
main.qml
import QtQuick 2.7
import QtQuick.Window 2.2
import an.utility 1.0
Window
{
id: root
visible: true
width: 400
height: 200
title: qsTr("Hello World")
Rectangle
{
anchors.fill: parent
color: "red"
}
SystemTray
{
id: systemTray
menu: menu
visible: true
icon: "qrc:/winIcon.png"
toolTip: "托盘运行中..."
onTrigger:
{
root.requestActivate();
root.show();
}
MyMenu
{
id: menu
MyAction
{
text: "我在线上"
icon: "qrc:/winIcon.png"
}
MyAction
{
text: "Q我吧"
icon: "qrc:/winIcon.png"
}
MySeparator {}
MyAction
{
text: "离开"
icon: "qrc:/winIcon.png"
}
MyAction
{
text: "忙碌"
icon: "qrc:/winIcon.png"
}
}
}
}
效果图:
可以看到,效果和 widget 下使用是一样的,但用 qml 更简单更方便。
自定义的 SystemTrayIcon 我注册到 an.utility 1.0 中。下面讲解其实现。
systemtrayicon.h
#ifndef SYSTEMTRAYICON_H
#define SYSTEMTRAYICON_H
#include <QAction>
#include <QQuickItem>
#include <QSystemTrayIcon>
class MyAction : public QAction
{
Q_OBJECT
Q_PROPERTY(QUrl icon READ icon WRITE setIcon NOTIFY iconChanged) //Q_PROPERTY宏提供在qml中访问的信号槽等等
public:
MyAction(QObject *parent = nullptr);
~MyAction();
QUrl icon() const;
signals:
void iconChanged();
public slots:
void setIcon(const QUrl &arg);
private:
QUrl m_icon;
};
class MySeparator : public QObject
{
public:
MySeparator(QObject *parent = nullptr);
~MySeparator();
};
class SystemTray;
class MyMenu : public QQuickItem
{
Q_OBJECT
Q_PROPERTY(int width READ width WRITE setWidth NOTIFY widthChanged)
Q_PROPERTY(int height READ height WRITE setHeight NOTIFY heightChanged)
public:
MyMenu(QQuickItem *parent = nullptr);
~MyMenu();
int width() const;
int height() const;
void clear();
signals:
void widthChanged();
void heightChanged();
public slots:
void setWidth(int arg);
void setHeight(int arg);
void addSeparator();
void addAction(MyAction *action);
void addMenu(MyMenu *menu);
protected:
void componentComplete();
private:
friend class SystemTrayIcon; //让SystemTray能够直接访问m_menu
QMenu *m_menu;
};
class SystemTrayIcon : public QQuickItem
{
Q_OBJECT
Q_PROPERTY(int x READ x CONSTANT)
Q_PROPERTY(int y READ y CONSTANT)
Q_PROPERTY(QUrl icon READ icon WRITE setIcon NOTIFY iconChanged)
Q_PROPERTY(QString toolTip READ toolTip WRITE setToolTip NOTIFY toolTipChanged)
Q_PROPERTY(MyMenu* menu READ menu WRITE setMenu NOTIFY menuChanged)
public:
SystemTrayIcon(QQuickItem *parent = nullptr);
~SystemTrayIcon();
int x() const;
int y() const;
QUrl icon() const;
QString toolTip() const;
MyMenu* menu() const;
signals:
void trigger();
void iconChanged();
void toolTipChanged();
void menuChanged();
public slots:
void setIcon(const QUrl &arg);
void setToolTip(const QString &arg);
void setMenu(MyMenu *arg);
void onVisibleChanged();
void onActivated(QSystemTrayIcon::ActivationReason reason);
void onExit();
private:
QSystemTrayIcon *m_systemTray;
MyMenu *m_menu;
QString m_toolTip;
QUrl m_icon;
};
#endif // SYSTEMTRAYICON_H
要将 c++ 类导入到 qml 必须继承自 QObject 或其派生类,并使用 Q_OBJECT 宏。
而继承 QQuickItem 是为了得到 item 中的其他一些属性和信号,以及重实现 void componentComplete()。
该函数在组件完成时调用,重新实现来添加必要的操作。
systemTrayIcon.cpp
#include <QApplication>
#include <QMenu>
#include <QAction>
#include "systemtrayicon.h"
MyAction::MyAction(QObject *parent)
: QAction(parent)
{
setObjectName("MyAction");
}
MyAction::~MyAction()
{
}
QUrl MyAction::icon() const
{
return m_icon;
}
void MyAction::setIcon(const QUrl &arg)
{
if(m_icon != arg)
{
QString str = arg.toLocalFile();
if(str == "") str = arg.toString(); //如果转换失败
if( str.mid (0, 3) == "qrc")
str = str.mid (3, str.count() - 3);
QAction::setIcon(QIcon(str));
m_icon = arg;
emit iconChanged();
}
}
MySeparator::MySeparator(QObject *parent)
: QObject(parent)
{
setObjectName("MySeparator");
}
MySeparator::~MySeparator()
{
}
MyMenu::MyMenu(QQuickItem *parent)
: QQuickItem(parent)
{
setObjectName("MyMenu");
m_menu = new QMenu();
}
MyMenu::~MyMenu()
{
}
int MyMenu::width() const
{
return m_menu->width();
}
int MyMenu::height() const
{
return m_menu->height();
}
void MyMenu::clear() //清空caidan
{
m_menu->clear();
}
void MyMenu::setWidth(int arg)
{
if (m_menu->width() != arg)
{
m_menu->setFixedWidth(arg);
emit widthChanged();
}
}
void MyMenu::setHeight(int arg)
{
if (m_menu->height() != arg)
{
m_menu->setFixedHeight(arg);
emit heightChanged();
}
}
void MyMenu::addAction(MyAction *action)
{
m_menu->addAction(action);
}
void MyMenu::addSeparator()
{
m_menu->addSeparator();
}
void MyMenu::addMenu(MyMenu *menu)
{
m_menu->addMenu(menu->m_menu);
}
void MyMenu::componentComplete() //在菜单完成构建后调用,将自定义Action,Menu,Separator通过objectName判断加入
{
QQuickItem::componentComplete();
QObjectList list = children();
for (auto it : list)
{
if (it->objectName() == "MyAction")
{
MyAction *action = qobject_cast<MyAction *>(it);
m_menu->addAction(action);
}
else if (it->objectName() == "MySeparator")
{
m_menu->addSeparator();
}
else if (it->objectName() == "MyMenu")
{
MyMenu *menu = qobject_cast<MyMenu *>(it);
m_menu->addMenu(menu->m_menu);
}
}
}
SystemTrayIcon::SystemTrayIcon(QQuickItem *parent)
: QQuickItem(parent)
{
m_systemTray = new QSystemTrayIcon(this);
connect(m_systemTray, &QSystemTrayIcon::activated, this, &SystemTrayIcon::onActivated);
connect(this, &SystemTrayIcon::visibleChanged, this, &SystemTrayIcon::onVisibleChanged);
setVisible(false); //给visible一个初始值,否则会不显示
}
SystemTrayIcon::~SystemTrayIcon()
{
}
int SystemTrayIcon::x() const
{
return m_systemTray->geometry().x();
}
int SystemTrayIcon::y() const
{
return m_systemTray->geometry().y();
}
QUrl SystemTrayIcon::icon() const
{
return m_icon;
}
QString SystemTrayIcon::toolTip() const
{
return m_systemTray->toolTip();
}
MyMenu *SystemTrayIcon::menu() const
{
return m_menu;
}
void SystemTrayIcon::setIcon(const QUrl &arg)
{
if(m_icon != arg)
{
QString str = arg.toLocalFile();
if(str == "") str = arg.toString(); //如果转换失败
if( str.mid (0, 3) == "qrc")
str = str.mid (3, str.count() - 3);
m_systemTray->setIcon(QIcon(str));
m_icon = arg;
emit iconChanged();
}
}
void SystemTrayIcon::setToolTip(const QString &arg)
{
if (m_toolTip != arg)
{
m_systemTray->setToolTip(arg);
m_toolTip = arg;
emit toolTipChanged();
}
}
void SystemTrayIcon::setMenu(MyMenu *arg) //设置托盘上下文菜单
{
if (m_menu != arg)
{
m_menu = arg;
m_systemTray->setContextMenu(m_menu->m_menu);
m_systemTray->installEventFilter(this);
emit menuChanged();
}
}
void SystemTrayIcon::onVisibleChanged() //visible可见性改变时显示/隐藏托盘
{
m_systemTray->setVisible(isVisible());
}
void SystemTrayIcon::onActivated(QSystemTrayIcon::ActivationReason reason)
{
switch (reason)
{
case QSystemTrayIcon::DoubleClick:
case QSystemTrayIcon::Trigger:
emit trigger(); //单击双击托盘图标时发送trigger()信号, reason类似还有Context,MiddleClick,Unknow
default:
break;
}
}
void SystemTrayIcon::onExit() //应在程序退出时调用,防止图标不消失
{
m_systemTray->hide();
QApplication::exit(0);
}
main.cpp
#include <QApplication>
#include <QQmlApplicationEngine>
#include "systemtrayicon.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QCoreApplication::setAttribute(Qt::AA_EnableHighDpiScaling);
QApplication app(argc, argv);
QQmlApplicationEngine engine;
qmlRegisterType<MyMenu>("an.utility", 1, 0, "MyMenu"); //注册到qml中
qmlRegisterType<MyAction>("an.utility", 1, 0, "MyAction");
qmlRegisterType<MySeparator>("an.utility", 1, 0, "MySeparator");
qmlRegisterType<SystemTrayIcon>("an.utility", 1, 0, "SystemTrayIcon");
engine.load(QUrl(QLatin1String("qrc:/main.qml")));
if (engine.rootObjects().isEmpty())
return -1;
return app.exec();
}
好吧,还有很多地方没有完善,比如快捷键。
其实写自定义组件和写 widget 差不多。。不过写好之后,在qml中使用起来就非常方便了。
当然,最后我自己试了试 Qt.labs.platform 1.0 中的 SystemTrayIcon,嗯基本上差不多吧。。所以期待以后的版本正式加入咯。
手机扫一扫
移动阅读更方便
你可能感兴趣的文章