我这里安装Oracle数据库是rpm格式的包。需要先得有以下依赖包关系，先依次按此顺序安装。

yum install ./compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64.rpm

yum install ./compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm

yum install ./oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

**如果找不到依赖关系包，可以在（https://pkgs.org/）进行查找**

yum install -y gcc-c++ make

yum install -y ksh

yum install -y sysstat

yum install -y xorg-x11-utils

yum install java-11-openjdk-devel

yum install -y libnsl

rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.110-12.el8.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64.rpm

yum install libnsl-2.28-72.el8.i686



 dnf install libnsl

这些包也是需要进行安装的，若yum无法使用时，可以使用dnf进行安装。

vim /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c

export ORACLE_VERSION=19c

export ORACLE_SID=ORA19C

export TEMPLATE_NAME=General_Purpose.dbc

export CHARSET=ZHS16GBK

export PDB_NAME=ORA19CPDB

export LISTENER_NAME=LISTENER

export NUMBER_OF_PDBS=1

export CREATE_AS_CDB=true

设置字符集

vim /etc/profile.d/db.sh

cat /etc/profile.d/db.sh

export  ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1

export  PATH=$PATH:/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin

export  ORACLE_SID=ORA19C

新增变量环境

同时进行初始化一下，执行后等待较长时间即可 一般这一步不会出问题

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure

Configuring Oracle Database ORCLCDB.

Prepare for db operation

8% complete

Copying database files

31% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

32% complete

36% complete

40% complete

43% complete

46% complete

Completing Database Creation

51% complete

54% complete

Creating Pluggable Databases

58% complete

77% complete

Executing Post Configuration Actions

100% complete

Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:

/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB.

Database Information:

Global Database Name:ORCLCDB

System Identifier(SID):ORCLCDB

Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log" for further details.

Database configuration completed successfully. The passwords were auto generated, you must change them by connecting to the database

using 'sqlplus / as sysdba' as the oracle user.

看到100% complete 即可完成

添加

alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'

alias rman='rlwrap rman'

把N设置为Y 设置为允许自启动

设置 Oracle启动命令

vim /usr/bin/oracle.sh

增加的内容为:

#! /bin/bash

#  script  For oracle19c.service

/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start

/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1

设置权限

chmod 777 /usr/bin/oracle.sh

设置一个 systemd的服务

vim /etc/systemd/system/oracle19c.service

增加内容为:

[Unit]
Description=Oracle19c
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
LimitMEMLOCK=infinity
LimitNOFILE=65535
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
User=oracle
Environment="ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1"
ExecStart=/usr/bin/oracle.sh

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

设置自启动

systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable oracle19c