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目录
什么是nginx?
Nginx是一款轻量级的Web 服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件(IMAP/POP3)代理服务器。特点是占有内存少,并发能力特别强。
nginx作用?
http代理,如:正向代理、反向代理
本文有两个版本,详细版、简洁版。
前者适合新手,后者适合老手(方便大家查找,从而过滤掉某些步骤,节约时间成本) 所以大家按需查看哟。
详细版
简洁版
简洁版:包含所有步骤,以及命令的执行过程(适合新手)
简洁版:只包含命令(适合有一定熟练度的人)
客户端--->代理服务器--->访问的域名--->访问的服务器
客户端<---代理服务器<---访问的域名<---访问的服务器
简单总结:正向代理是到客户端
举个栗子:我们打韩服的LOL
有延迟,我们就可以找一个代理(香港的vpn
),代理访问国外的服务器,然后返回给代理,最后返回给我们。可以理解成加速器。
客户端--->访问的域名--->代理服务器--->访问的服务器
客户端<---访问的域名<---代理服务器<---访问的服务器
简单总结:反向代理是到服务端
举个栗子:我们在访问百度的时候一直都是www.baidu.com
这个域名,其实域名后面有很多服务器(ip地址),访问域名-->代理服务器后到百度的服务器,最后返回给我们html页面。
系统
Vcpu
Memory
网卡类型
centos7
2
4
NAT模式
没有hexo博客环境看这里:还不会搭建博客吗?centos7系统部署hexo博客新手入门-进阶,看这一篇就够了_小叶的技术Logs的博客-CSDN博客
[root@localhost ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo #下载epel源,否则没有nginx包
--2022-04-18 21:54:35-- http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 113.207.38.89, 113.207.38.90, 113.207.38.85, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|113.207.38.89|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 664 [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo’
100%[======================================================================================>] 664 --.-K/s in 0s
2022-04-18 21:54:36 (131 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo’ saved [664/664]
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y nginx #yum安装nginx软件
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.1-9.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem = 1:1.20.1-9.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libcrypto.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_0)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_0)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_1)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: redhat-indexhtml for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libcrypto.so.1.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libprofiler.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disabel firewalld #关闭防火墙、开机不自启防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0 #临时关闭selinux
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nginx #启动nginx
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable nginx #开机自启nginx
浏览器验证访问nginx如图所示:
实现反向代理:
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf # 如果没有conf.d目录需要创建,默认我们这里下载的nginx版本没有default.conf,创建即可
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:4000; #http根/目录,代理到http://127.0.0.1:4000
}
}
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart nginx
最后验证
你会发现直接浏览器输入ip
,不输入4000
端口也实现了访问
over
如下图所示:
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove -y nginx #yum卸载nginx
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.1-9.el7 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================================================================
Removing:
nginx x86_64 1:1.20.1-9.el7 @epel 1.7 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================================================================
Remove 1 Package
Installed size: 1.7 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Erasing : 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64 1/1
warning: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf saved as /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.rpmsave
Verifying : 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64 1/1
Removed:
nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.1-9.el7
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /etc/nginx* #删除相关配置文件目录
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
yum install -y nginx
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disabel firewalld
浏览器 验证
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nginx
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable nginx
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:4000;
}
}
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart nginx
浏览器 验证
[root@localhost ~]*# yum remove -y nginx*
[root@localhost ~]*# rm -rf /etc/nginx**
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